Lidelöw S, Lagerkvist A
Division of Waste Science and Technology, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87 Luleå, Sweden.
Waste Manag. 2007;27(10):1356-65. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2006.07.021. Epub 2006 Sep 26.
Three years of leachate emissions from municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash and crushed rock in a full-scale test road were evaluated. The impact of time, construction design, and climate on the emissions was studied, and the predicted release from standard leaching tests was compared with the measured release from the road. The main pollutants and their respective concentrations in leachate from the roadside slope were Al (12.8-85.3 mg l(-1)), Cr (2-125 microg l(-1)), and Cu (0.15-1.9 mg l(-1)) in ash leachate and Zn (1-780 microg l(-1)) in crushed rock leachate. From the ash, the initial Cl(-) release was high ( approximately 20 g l(-1)). After three years, the amount of Cu and Cl(-) was in the same range in both leachates, while that of Al and Cr still was more than one order of magnitude higher in ash leachate. Generally, the release was faster from material in the uncovered slopes than below the pavement. Whether the road was asphalted or not, however, had minor impacts on the leachate quality. During rain events, diluted leachates with respect to, e.g., salts were observed. The leaching tests failed to simulate field leaching from the crushed rock, whereas better agreement was observed for the ash. Comparisons of constituent release from bottom ash and conventional materials solely based on such tests should be avoided.
对一条全尺寸试验道路上城市固体废弃物焚烧底灰和碎石三年的渗滤液排放情况进行了评估。研究了时间、施工设计和气候对排放的影响，并将标准浸出试验的预测释放量与道路实测释放量进行了比较。路边边坡渗滤液中的主要污染物及其各自浓度为：灰渣渗滤液中的铝（12.8 - 85.3毫克/升）、铬（2 - 125微克/升）和铜（0.15 - 1.9毫克/升），以及碎石渗滤液中的锌（1 - 780微克/升）。来自灰渣的初始氯离子释放量很高（约20克/升）。三年后，两种渗滤液中铜和氯离子的含量处于相同范围，而灰渣渗滤液中铝和铬的含量仍高出一个数量级以上。一般来说，未覆盖边坡中的材料释放速度比路面下方的材料快。然而，道路是否铺设沥青对渗滤液质量影响较小。在降雨期间，观察到了盐分等稀释后的渗滤液。浸出试验未能模拟碎石的现场浸出情况，而对于灰渣则观察到了较好的一致性。应避免仅基于此类试验对底灰和传统材料的成分释放进行比较。
