Bira Mirosław, Paradowski Przemysław Tomasz, Synder Marek, Witoński Dariusz
Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lodzi, II Katedra Ortopedii, Klinika Ortopedii i Ortopedii Dzieciecej.
Pol Merkur Lekarski. 2006 Jul;21(121):41-3.
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are becoming increasingly prevalent in children and adolescents. In those who had undergone ligament injuries progressive meniscal damage is frequently observed. This, in turn, can lead to osteoarthritis in older age. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of ACL injury and/or other intraarticular lesions in patients with active growth plate.
59 patients (30 girls and 29 boys) with an average age of 15.5 years (range 7-16 years) were included in the study. Thirty-nine injuries occurred during sports activities. Average time between knee trauma and surgery was 7,3 months (range 1 week-3 years). The relationships between meniscal and ligament injuries were analyzed by means of logistic regression.
Of all 50 patients had meniscal tears (36 localized in the medial side) and 35 ACL tears. Both type of injuries occurred together in 26 patients. Three patients had undergone additional cartilage injury. We observed that in patients with ACL injury medial meniscus tear was found with higher frequency (20 knees, 57%) than lateral one (6 knees, 17%). Although meniscal tear was slightly higher distributed in boys (27/29) than in girls (23/30), sex appeared not to be the risk factor to knee injury.
Anterior cruciate injuries are common in adolescents and have similar character to those observed in adults. Higher incidence of medial meniscus tear may be related to chronic anterolateral knee instability caused by delay in surgical treatment.
前交叉韧带（ACL）损伤在儿童和青少年中越来越普遍。在那些经历过韧带损伤的患者中，经常观察到半月板的进行性损伤。这反过来又可能导致老年时的骨关节炎。本研究的目的是评估生长板活跃的患者中ACL损伤和/或其他关节内病变的患病率。
59例患者（30名女孩和29名男孩）纳入研究，平均年龄15.5岁（范围7 - 16岁）。39例损伤发生在体育活动期间。膝关节创伤与手术之间的平均时间为7.3个月（范围1周 - 3年）。通过逻辑回归分析半月板和韧带损伤之间的关系。
所有患者中，50例有半月板撕裂（36例位于内侧），35例有ACL撕裂。两种损伤同时发生在26例患者中。3例患者还发生了软骨损伤。我们观察到，在ACL损伤的患者中，内侧半月板撕裂的发生率（20膝，57%）高于外侧（6膝，17%）。虽然半月板撕裂在男孩（27/29）中的分布略高于女孩（23/30），但性别似乎不是膝关节损伤的危险因素。
前交叉韧带损伤在青少年中很常见，其特征与成人中观察到的相似。内侧半月板撕裂发生率较高可能与手术治疗延迟导致的慢性膝前外侧不稳定有关。
