Kubiak Katarzyna, Dziekońska-Rynko Janina
Department of Genetics, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn.
Wiad Parazytol. 2006;52(1):59-64.
Common European ticks, Ixodes ricinus, have been found in forest areas situated within the boundaries of big cities, and in areas changed by anthropogenic pressure. Monitoring I. ricinus, in the areas used by the public for recreation and leisure, makes it possible to assess the risk of infection with the diseases they transmit. The objective of this study was the comparison of the seasonal activity of ticks, I. ricinus, in the afforested areas of the city of Olsztyn and its surroundings.
This survey was conducted at sites located in the afforested areas of Olsztyn and within the Warmiński Forest situated about 15 km from Olsztyn. Ticks, I. ricinus, were caught every 10-14 days from April to October 2001 by the commonly applied method of flagging. During each catch, the temperature (T) and relative humidity (%RH) was measured with a thermohygrometer, 1 m above the duff level.
The tick population density at the Warmiński Forest site was higher than that at the sites within the city limits (116.8 and 20.5 ticks per 100 m2, respectively). Two peaks of tick activity were recorded in this area--the spring peak in June and the autumn peak (much lower) in September. The activity of ticks in the afforested area within the city limits was much lower--only one (spring) peak occurred, which at most sites was observed in June. At all sites, included in the study, the peak activity of ticks was observed in April.
The study suggests that the afforested areas outside the city are more dangerous to people than the area within the city because of the large number of ticks there.
在大城市边界内的森林地区以及受到人为压力影响的地区，已发现常见的欧洲蜱虫蓖麻硬蜱。在公众用于娱乐和休闲的区域监测蓖麻硬蜱，有助于评估感染它们所传播疾病的风险。本研究的目的是比较奥尔什丁市及其周边绿化区域中蓖麻硬蜱的季节性活动情况。
本调查在奥尔什丁绿化区域以及距离奥尔什丁约15公里的瓦尔米亚森林内的地点进行。2001年4月至10月期间，每隔10 - 14天通过常用的拖旗法捕捉蓖麻硬蜱。每次捕捉时，使用温湿度计在腐殖质层上方1米处测量温度（T）和相对湿度（%RH）。
瓦尔米亚森林地点的蜱虫种群密度高于城市范围内的地点（分别为每100平方米116.8只和20.5只蜱虫）。该区域记录到蜱虫活动的两个高峰——6月的春季高峰和9月的秋季高峰（低得多）。城市范围内绿化区域的蜱虫活动低得多——仅出现一个（春季）高峰，大多数地点在6月观察到。在纳入研究的所有地点，蜱虫的活动高峰在4月被观察到。
该研究表明，由于城外绿化区域蜱虫数量众多，对人们来说比城内区域更危险。
