Queirolo Paola, Acquati Mirko
Department of Medical Oncology A, National Institute for Cancer Research, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, Genoa 16132, Italy.
Cancer Treat Rev. 2006 Nov;32(7):524-31. doi: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2006.07.009. Epub 2006 Sep 27.
In the last decade the incidence of melanoma has been rising. Despite this, survival remains substantially constant because early diagnosis of thin lesions has increased. By contrast, metastatic melanoma continues to have a poor prognosis and it still represents a challenge for oncologists. Response rates with single agent dacarbazine range from 10% to 25% with median survival of 8 months. The advent of new drugs with specific mechanisms of action could help to improve the poor results of traditional therapies. In this review, we focused on the novel agents that entered clinical trials in melanoma patients. We show the results of some clinical trials with target-oriented drugs in melanoma patients. Moreover pre-clinical data and rationale for use in melanoma was explained. Trials with protein-kinase inhibitors, anti-CTLA-4 agents, pro-apoptotic oligonucleotides and anti-angiogenic agents were reviewed. Combinations with chemotherapeutic agents, immunotherapy and vaccine therapy were also analyzed.
在过去十年中，黑色素瘤的发病率一直在上升。尽管如此，由于对薄病变的早期诊断有所增加，生存率基本保持稳定。相比之下，转移性黑色素瘤的预后仍然很差，对肿瘤学家来说仍是一个挑战。单药达卡巴嗪的缓解率为10%至25%，中位生存期为8个月。具有特定作用机制的新药的出现可能有助于改善传统疗法的不佳效果。在本综述中，我们重点关注了进入黑色素瘤患者临床试验的新型药物。我们展示了一些针对黑色素瘤患者的靶向药物的临床试验结果。此外，还解释了临床前数据以及在黑色素瘤中使用的基本原理。对蛋白激酶抑制剂、抗CTLA-4药物、促凋亡寡核苷酸和抗血管生成药物的试验进行了综述。还分析了与化疗药物、免疫疗法和疫苗疗法的联合应用。
