Chemotransduction in Necturus taste buds, a model for taste processing.

The taste bud in Necturus serves as a good model for taste mechanisms in vertebrates. The large size of taste cells and relative accessibility of the tissue for detailed electrophysiological and ultrastructural studies makes this species well-suited for studying taste transduction. Important features of taste transduction that have been learned from investigations in Necturus are that voltage-gated potassium channels are preferentially distributed on the apical membrane of taste cells; voltage-gated potassium channels allow K ions to enter the cell when taste buds are stimulated with K salts; some chemical stimuli act by closing K channels, thereby eliciting depolarizing receptor potentials in taste cells. Many of these findings have been confirmed and extended in other animals, including mammals. Furthermore, recent evidence from experiments in Necturus suggests that there is a considerable degree of synaptic coupling among taste cells. This synaptic coupling could form the basis for signal processing and integration in the peripheral sensory organs of taste, the taste buds.