Bülthoff Isabelle, Newell Fiona N
Max-Planck-Institut für biologische Kybernetik, Spemannstrasse 38, D 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
Prog Brain Res. 2006;154:315-25. doi: 10.1016/S0079-6123(06)54017-8.
Although the perception of our world is experienced as effortless, the processes that underlie object recognition in the brain are often difficult to determine. In this chapter, we review the effects of familiarity on the recognition of moving or static objects. In particular, we concentrate on exemplar-level stimuli such as walking humans, unfamiliar objects and faces. We found that the perception of these objects can be affected by their familiarity; for example the learned view of an object or the learned dynamic pattern can influence object perception. Deviations in the viewpoint from the familiar viewpoint, or changes in the temporal pattern of the objects can result in some reduction of efficiency in the perception of the object. Furthermore, more efficient sex categorization and crossmodal matching were found for familiar than for unfamiliar faces. In sum, we find that our perceptual system is organized around familiar events and that perception is most efficient with these learned events.
尽管我们对世界的感知体验起来轻松自如，但大脑中物体识别的潜在过程却往往难以确定。在本章中，我们回顾了熟悉度对移动或静态物体识别的影响。特别地，我们专注于范例级别的刺激，比如行走的人、陌生物体和面孔。我们发现这些物体的感知会受到其熟悉度的影响；例如，对物体的习得视角或习得的动态模式会影响物体感知。与熟悉视角的偏差，或物体时间模式的变化，可能会导致物体感知效率有所降低。此外，研究发现，对于熟悉面孔，性别分类和跨通道匹配比陌生面孔更高效。总之，我们发现我们的感知系统围绕熟悉事件组织起来，并且对于这些习得事件，感知最为高效。
