Ekins Merrick, Aitken Elizabeth A, Coulter Ken C
Queensland Museum, South Brisbane 4101, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Mycol Res. 2006 Oct;110(Pt 10):1193-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mycres.2006.07.014. Epub 2006 Oct 2.
Sclerotinia species are sexually reproducing ascomycetes. In the past S. minor and S. sclerotiorum, have been assumed to be homothallic because of the self-fertility of colonies derived from single ascospores. S. trifoliorum has previously been shown to be bipolar heterothallic due to the presence of four self-fertile and four self-sterile ascospores within a single ascus [Uhm, J.Y., Fujii, H., 1983a. Ascospore dimorphism in Sclerotinia trifoliorum and cultural characters of strains from different-sized spores. Phytopathology73: 565-569]. However, isolates of S. minor and S. sclerotiorum were proven to be homothallic ascomycetes, by self-fertility of all eight ascospores within an ascus. Apothecia were raised from all eight ascospores of a single tetrad from four isolates of S. minor and from an isolate of S. sclerotiorum, indicating that inbreeding may be the predominant breeding mechanism of S. minor. Ascospores from asci of S. minor and S. sclerotiorum were predominantly monomorphic, but rare examples of ascospore dimorphism similar to S. trifoliorum were found.
核盘菌属是进行有性生殖的子囊菌。过去，由于源自单个子囊孢子的菌落具有自育性，小核盘菌和核盘菌被认为是同宗配合的。先前已证明三叶草核盘菌是双极性异宗配合的，因为在单个子囊内存在四个自育和四个自不育的子囊孢子[Uhm, J.Y., Fujii, H., 1983a. 三叶草核盘菌的子囊孢子二态性及不同大小孢子菌株的培养特性。植物病理学73: 565 - 569]。然而，小核盘菌和核盘菌的分离株被证明是同宗配合的子囊菌，因为一个子囊内的所有八个子囊孢子都具有自育性。从四个小核盘菌分离株和一个核盘菌分离株的单个四分体的所有八个子囊孢子上产生了子囊盘，这表明近亲繁殖可能是小核盘菌的主要繁殖机制。小核盘菌和核盘菌子囊中的子囊孢子主要是单态的，但发现了与三叶草核盘菌相似的罕见子囊孢子二态性例子。
