Fox Robert L, Fares Ali, Wan Y, Evensen Carl I
Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 2006;41(10):2109-26. doi: 10.1080/10934520600867904.
The influence of soil phosphorus (P) sources on P sorption characteristics of marine sediments was investigated for Pearl Harbor and off shore Molokai in Hawaii. Estuary sediments were sampled in seven locations; these represented different soils and on-shore activities. The soil samples included nine major soils that contributed sediment to the Harbor and coastal sediments near the island of Molokai. Sediment and soil samples were equilibrated for 6 days in 0.01 M CaCl(2) solution and synthetic seawater containing differing amounts of P. Phosphorus sorption curves were constructed. The equilibrated solution P, with no P added, ranged from 0.01 to 0.2 mg L(-1); P sorption by sediments at standard solution concentration 0.2 mg L(-1), ranged from 0 to 230 mg kg(-1). Sediment P sorption corresponded closely with soil sorption characteristics. Soils contributing sediments to the west reach of Pearl Harbor are highly weathered Oxisols with high standard P sorption values while those in the southeast of the Harbor were Vertisols and Mollisols which sorb little P. The influence of source materials on sediment P sorption was also observed for off-shore sediments near Molokai. Sediments serve as both source and sink for P in Pearl Harbor and in this role can be a stabilizing influence on P concentration in the water column. Phosphorus sorption curves in conjunction with water quality data can help to understand P dynamics between sediments and the water column and help evaluate concerns about P loading to a water body. For Pearl Harbor, solution P in equilibrium with sediments from the Lochs was 0.021 mg L(-1); a value unlikely to produce an algal bloom. (Measured total P in the water columns (mean) was 0.060.).
针对夏威夷珍珠港和莫洛凯岛近海区域，研究了土壤磷源对海洋沉积物磷吸附特性的影响。在七个地点采集了河口沉积物样本；这些样本代表了不同的土壤类型和陆上活动。土壤样本包括九种主要土壤，这些土壤为珍珠港以及莫洛凯岛附近的海岸沉积物提供了泥沙。沉积物和土壤样本在含有不同磷含量的0.01 M氯化钙溶液和合成海水中平衡6天。构建了磷吸附曲线。未添加磷时，平衡溶液中的磷含量范围为0.01至0.2 mg L⁻¹；在标准溶液浓度0.2 mg L⁻¹下，沉积物对磷的吸附量范围为0至230 mg kg⁻¹。沉积物对磷的吸附与土壤吸附特性密切相关。为珍珠港西部提供沉积物的土壤是高度风化的氧化土，具有较高的标准磷吸附值，而港口东南部的土壤是变性土和软土，对磷的吸附很少。在莫洛凯岛近海沉积物中也观察到源物质对沉积物磷吸附的影响。在珍珠港，沉积物既是磷的源也是汇，在这一作用中，它可以对水柱中的磷浓度起到稳定作用。磷吸附曲线结合水质数据有助于了解沉积物和水柱之间的磷动态，并有助于评估对水体磷负荷的担忧。对于珍珠港，与来自各湖沉积物平衡的溶液磷含量为0.021 mg L⁻¹；该值不太可能引发藻华。（水柱中测得的总磷（平均值）为0.060。）
