Pate Russell R, Wang Chia-Yih, Dowda Marsha, Farrell Stephen W, O'Neill Jennifer R
Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2006 Oct;160(10):1005-12. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.160.10.1005.
To assess cardiorespiratory fitness levels in youth aged 12 to 19 years and to examine associations between fitness and age, sex, race/ethnicity, and self-reported physical activity in this age group.
Cross-sectional study.
The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey's mobile examination center, throughout the United States from 1999-2002.
A representative sample of 4732 youth aged 12 to 19 years was examined; 3287 completed the treadmill test and were included in the analysis. The National Center for Health Statistics conducted the survey. Main Exposures Age, sex, race/ethnicity, weight status, self-reported physical activity, and television viewing. Main Outcome Measure Estimated maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) determined by a submaximal treadmill exercise test.
Estimated VO2max (mL.kg(-1) . min(-1)) was higher in males (mean +/- SE, 46.4 +/- 0.4) than in females (mean +/- SE, 38.7 +/- 0.3) but did not differ across race/ethnicity groups. Among males, older participants had higher VO2max values, while in females, younger participants had higher values. For both males and females, those in the normal weight group had higher fitness levels than those in the at risk for overweight and overweight groups. Approximately one third of both males and females failed to meet recommended standards for cardiorespiratory fitness.
In US youth, cardiorespiratory fitness is lower in males and females who are overweight than in those of normal weight, but fitness is not related to race/ethnicity. Youth who have low levels of physical activity and high levels of sedentary behavior are also more likely to have lower cardiorespiratory fitness.
评估12至19岁青少年的心肺适能水平，并研究该年龄组中适能与年龄、性别、种族/民族以及自我报告的身体活动之间的关联。
横断面研究。
1999年至2002年期间，美国国家健康与营养检查调查的流动检查中心。
对4732名12至19岁的青少年进行了代表性抽样检查；3287人完成了跑步机测试并纳入分析。调查由国家卫生统计中心进行。主要暴露因素年龄、性别、种族/民族、体重状况、自我报告的身体活动以及看电视情况。主要结局指标通过次极量跑步机运动测试确定的估计最大摄氧量（VO2max）。
男性的估计VO2max（mL·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹）（平均值±标准误，46.4±0.4）高于女性（平均值±标准误，38.7±0.3），但在不同种族/民族群体中无差异。在男性中，年龄较大的参与者VO2max值较高，而在女性中，年龄较小的参与者VO2max值较高。对于男性和女性，正常体重组的适能水平均高于超重风险组和超重组。男性和女性中约三分之一未达到心肺适能的推荐标准。
在美国青少年中，超重的男性和女性的心肺适能低于正常体重者，但适能与种族/民族无关。身体活动水平低且久坐行为多的青少年也更有可能具有较低的心肺适能。
