Moran Timothy H
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Ross 618, 720 Rutland Avenue, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21286, USA.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2006 Aug;14 Suppl 5:250S-253S. doi: 10.1038/oby.2006.318.
During a meal and after a meal, ingested nutrients alter the release of a variety of gut peptides that have the potential to modulate food intake. Such feedback peptide signaling can be conceptualized as having three outcomes: meal termination, inhibitory modulation of intake in subsequent meals, and orexigenic modulation. Cholecystokinin, pancreatic glucagons, and amylin are examples of peptides involved in meal termination. They are released rapidly with the onset of feeding and have short durations of action. Peptide YY(3-36) and glucagon-like peptide 1 are peptides for which longer-term feeding inhibitory actions have been proposed. They are released from the distal intestine and have longer durations of actions. Ghrelin is a gastric peptide that stimulates food intake after its exogenous administration. Plasma ghrelin levels fall with feeding and rise with food deprivation. All of these gut peptides have vagal or dorsal hindbrain mediation. Their potential as targets for the development of anti-obesity treatments is under study.
在进餐期间及餐后，摄入的营养物质会改变多种肠道肽的释放，这些肠道肽有可能调节食物摄入量。这种反馈肽信号传导可被概念化为具有三种结果：终止进餐、对后续进餐摄入量的抑制性调节以及促食欲调节。胆囊收缩素、胰高血糖素和胰淀素是参与终止进餐的肽的例子。它们在进食开始时迅速释放，作用持续时间较短。肽YY（3 - 36）和胰高血糖素样肽1是被认为具有长期进食抑制作用的肽。它们从远端肠道释放，作用持续时间较长。胃饥饿素是一种胃肽，外源性给予后会刺激食物摄入。血浆胃饥饿素水平随进食而下降，随食物剥夺而上升。所有这些肠道肽都通过迷走神经或延髓后区介导。它们作为抗肥胖治疗靶点的潜力正在研究中。
