Pavlova O G, Mats V N
Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow.
Neurosci Behav Physiol. 2006 Nov;36(9):951-60. doi: 10.1007/s11055-006-0131-8.
A food-related operant reaction was developed in dogs, in which animals had to maintain tonic elevation of the forelimb to hold a bowl while eating with the head tilted towards the feeder. The acquisition of this reaction involved rearrangement of the natural coordination of head and limb movements which appeared at an early stage of training of the dogs. Forelimb elevation was initially accompanied by anticipatory raising of the head, while lowering of the head led to lowering of the elevated limb. Limb elevation could only be maintained in the posture in which the head was raised. The new coordination required for obtaining food, contrary to the innate coordination and consisting of tonic elevation of the limb with the head lowered, could only be achieved as a result of training. Previous studies have established that lesioning of the primary motor cortex (MI) in the hemisphere contralateral to the working limb leads to stable impairment of the learned coordination, with regression to the initial coordination. The present report describes studies of the effects of local lesions of various projection areas of MI on performance of the learned coordination. Dogs which had acquired the learned operant reaction requiring the new head/limb coordination showed impairment only after lesioning of the representation area of the working limb in the MI; lesioning of the representation area of the head had no such effect.
在狗身上建立了一种与食物相关的操作性反应，即动物在进食时必须保持前肢的强直抬高以托住碗，同时头部向喂食器倾斜。这种反应的习得涉及到狗训练早期出现的头部和肢体运动自然协调的重新排列。前肢抬高最初伴随着头部的预期抬起，而头部降低则导致抬高的肢体降低。只有在头部抬起的姿势下，肢体抬高才能保持。获取食物所需的新协调与先天协调相反，包括头部降低时肢体的强直抬高，这只能通过训练才能实现。先前的研究已经证实，与工作肢体对侧半球的初级运动皮层（MI）损伤会导致习得协调的稳定受损，并回归到初始协调。本报告描述了MI不同投射区域局部损伤对习得协调表现影响的研究。已经获得需要新的头部/肢体协调的习得操作性反应的狗，只有在MI中工作肢体的代表区域受损后才会出现损伤；头部代表区域的损伤没有这种效果。
