Salize Hans Joachim
Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Mannheim, Germany.
Psychiatr Prax. 2006 Oct;33(7):323-9. doi: 10.1055/s-2006-940126.
The study aims at assessing the psychiatric morbidity and the quality of life of persons at immediate risk for getting homeless as well as identifying risk factors and correlations between quality of life, threatening homelessness and mental disorders.
The sample included 101 citizens of Mannheim, Germany, which were immediately threatened to be thrown out of their apartment due to not paying their rent or other causes. In a cross-sectional study, mental disorders were diagnosed by SKID-interview, quality of life was determined by using the Münchener Lebensqualitäts-Dimensionen Liste (MLDL). Other factors of potential influence were assessed. Multiple regression analyses were conducted.
Acute mental disorders requiring treatment were determined in 79,3 % of the study sample. Addiction disorders (alcoholism) played a major role. This psychiatric morbidity was even higher in some disorders than in a sample of homeless people from the same region. Quality of life was low and also showed a similar pattern to the homeless sample. Regression analyses confirmed a high association of mental disorders and quality of life, which was adversely affected by former episodes of homelessness, the length of instable social conditions and a lack of social support.
Specific psychiatric services or programs for the population at risk were not available, although their help seeking behaviour offers good opportunities for taking primary or secondary preventive action, which is likely to reduce the subjective burden on quality of life and lower the payments provided by local welfare agencies.
本研究旨在评估面临无家可归直接风险人群的精神疾病发病率和生活质量,以及确定生活质量、无家可归风险和精神障碍之间的风险因素及相关性。
样本包括101名德国曼海姆市民,他们因未支付房租或其他原因而面临被赶出公寓的直接威胁。在一项横断面研究中,通过SKID访谈诊断精神障碍,使用慕尼黑生活质量维度列表(MLDL)确定生活质量。评估其他潜在影响因素。进行多元回归分析。
在79.3%的研究样本中确定了需要治疗的急性精神障碍。成瘾障碍(酗酒)起主要作用。在某些疾病中,这种精神疾病发病率甚至高于来自同一地区的无家可归者样本。生活质量较低,且与无家可归者样本呈现相似模式。回归分析证实精神障碍与生活质量高度相关,先前的无家可归经历、不稳定社会状况的持续时间以及缺乏社会支持对生活质量产生了不利影响。
尽管面临风险人群的求助行为为采取一级或二级预防行动提供了良好机会,这可能会减轻生活质量的主观负担并减少当地福利机构的支出,但针对该人群的特定精神科服务或项目却并不存在。