Nakonieczny Mirosław, Michalczyk Katarzyna, Kedziorski Andrzej
Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, PL 40-007 Katowice, Poland.
C R Biol. 2006 Oct;329(10):765-74. doi: 10.1016/j.crvi.2006.06.009. Epub 2006 Aug 2.
Parnassius apollo (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae) declines on numerous localities all over Europe. Its local subspecies frankenbergeri, inhabiting the Pieniny Mts (southern Poland) and successfully recovered from extinction, is monophagous in larval stage. In natural conditions, it completes development on the orpine Sedum telephium ssp. maximum. Since proper quality and quantity of necessary nutritional compounds of the food plant ensure developmental success, the digestive processes in the insect midgut should reflect adaptation to a specific food source. The paper presents, for the first time, the activity of detected glycolytic enzymes in midgut tissue and liquid gut contents of the L4 and L5 instars of P. apollo larvae. alpha-Amylase plays the main role in utilization of carbohydrates, contrary to cellulase activity. Saccharase seems to be the main disaccharidase, and high activity of beta-glycosidase enables hydrolysis of the plant glycosides. Trehalase activity was unexpectedly low and comparable to those of cellobiase and lactase. alpha-Amylolytic and other glycolytic activities indicate that larvae utilize starch and other carbohydrate compounds as energy sources. Possible use of some plant allelochemicals as energy sources by Apollo larvae is discussed.
阿波罗绢蝶（鳞翅目，凤蝶科）在欧洲各地的许多地方数量都在减少。其分布于波兰南部皮耶宁山脉的地方亚种弗兰肯贝里绢蝶，已成功从灭绝状态恢复，其幼虫阶段为单食性。在自然条件下，它在景天科植物费菜亚种最大景天（Sedum telephium ssp. maximum）上完成发育。由于食草植物所需营养化合物的质量和数量合适能确保发育成功，昆虫中肠的消化过程应反映出对特定食物来源的适应性。本文首次展示了在阿波罗绢蝶幼虫L4和L5龄期中肠组织及肠液中检测到的糖酵解酶的活性。与纤维素酶活性相反，α -淀粉酶在碳水化合物的利用中起主要作用。蔗糖酶似乎是主要的二糖酶，β -糖苷酶的高活性能够水解植物糖苷。海藻糖酶活性出乎意料地低，与纤维二糖酶和乳糖酶的活性相当。α -淀粉酶活性及其他糖酵解活性表明幼虫将淀粉和其他碳水化合物化合物用作能量来源。文中还讨论了阿波罗绢蝶幼虫可能将某些植物化感物质用作能量来源的情况。
