Huo Dezheng, Bailey Susan L, Ouellet Lawrence J
Department of Health Studies, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
Addiction. 2006 Nov;101(11):1606-13. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2006.01577.x.
To examine the effect of a needle exchange program (NEP) on incidence of injection cessation and change in injection frequency; to explore predictors for injection cessation and change in injection frequency; and to assess whether injection quitters transitioned to non-injected drug use.
Between 1997 and 2002, 901 injection drug users (IDUs) were recruited from an NEP program or an area with no NEP in Chicago, Illinois, interviewed for drug use behaviors, tested for HIV and followed for three annual visits. All participants were exposed to prevention services targeting HIV and drug abuse.
Injection cessation was defined as no injection drug use since the last interview, and changes in the number of injections in a typical month were examined.
Sixteen per cent of study participants reported stopping injection for a median duration of 16 months, and most of them also ceased rather than initiated the use of non-injected drugs. Those who continued injecting reduced their injection frequency by 12% per year, on average. Independent predictors of injection cessation were infrequent injection at baseline, younger age and injecting with others. NEP use was not associated with injection cessation and change in injection frequency.
These results did not support the hypothesis that NEP use influences the frequency of injection over time. One-sixth of IDUs stopped injection for more than 1 year, providing a substantial window for relapse prevention interventions.
研究针头交换项目（NEP）对注射停止发生率及注射频率变化的影响；探索注射停止及注射频率变化的预测因素；评估停止注射者是否转而使用非注射类毒品。
1997年至2002年间，从伊利诺伊州芝加哥市的一个针头交换项目或无该项目地区招募了901名注射吸毒者（IDU），对其进行吸毒行为访谈、HIV检测，并进行为期三年的年度随访。所有参与者均接受了针对HIV和药物滥用的预防服务。
注射停止定义为自上次访谈以来未使用注射类毒品，并对典型月份的注射次数变化进行了研究。
16%的研究参与者报告停止注射，中位持续时间为16个月，且他们中的大多数人停止而非开始使用非注射类毒品。继续注射者的注射频率平均每年降低12%。注射停止的独立预测因素为基线时注射频率低、年龄较小以及与他人一起注射。使用针头交换项目与注射停止及注射频率变化无关。
这些结果不支持针头交换项目使用会随时间影响注射频率的假设。六分之一的注射吸毒者停止注射超过1年，为预防复发干预提供了一个重要的窗口期。
