Seitz Jason C, Poulakis Gregg R
Florida Program for Shark Research, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Dickinson Hall, Museum Road, Gainesville, FL 32611-7800, USA.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2006 Nov;52(11):1533-40. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2006.07.016. Epub 2006 Oct 10.
Bycatch mortality in net fisheries was the major reason for the decline of the endangered smalltooth sawfish, Pristis pectinata, in the United States. These fisheries have been reduced or eliminated in some states including Florida--where most smalltooth sawfish are currently found in the United States. To determine whether other factors are still affecting this species, we obtained non-net fishery entanglement, injury, and mortality data by soliciting information from anyone who may have encountered this species. Smalltooth sawfish were damaged by marine pollution (e.g., polyvinyl chloride pipe, monofilament line, non-monofilament line) and injured by humans. Examples of injuries caused directly by humans include removal of rostra, shooting an individual with a powerhead, and shooting another with arrows. Many people are aware that the smalltooth sawfish is protected by state and federal laws, but some are still not aware of (or willing to accept) this status. The impacts of marine pollution and injuries directly caused by humans on this endangered species can be ameliorated by incorporating fisher education into the conservation and management processes.
在美国，刺网渔业中的兼捕死亡率是濒危物种小齿锯鳐数量下降的主要原因。在包括佛罗里达州在内的一些州，这些渔业已经减少或被取缔，目前美国大部分小齿锯鳐都分布在佛罗里达州。为了确定是否还有其他因素在影响这一物种，我们通过向任何可能遇到过该物种的人征集信息，获取了非刺网渔业的缠绕、受伤和死亡数据。小齿锯鳐受到海洋污染（如聚氯乙烯管、单丝鱼线、非单丝鱼线）的损害，并遭到人类伤害。人类直接造成伤害的例子包括锯吻被切除、用动力头枪击个体以及用箭射杀。许多人知道小齿锯鳐受到州和联邦法律的保护，但有些人仍然不知道（或不愿意接受）这一状况。将渔民教育纳入保护和管理过程，可以减轻海洋污染和人类直接造成的伤害对这一濒危物种的影响。
