Streiffer Robert
University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA.
Kennedy Inst Ethics J. 2006 Jun;16(2):129-49. doi: 10.1353/ken.2006.0013.
Commercial academic-industry relationships (AIRs) are widespread in biotechnology and have resulted in a wide array of restrictions on academic research. Objections to such restrictions have centered on the charge that they violate academic freedom. I argue that these objections are almost invariably unsuccessful. On a consequentialist understanding of the value of academic freedom, they rely on unfounded empirical claims about the overall effects that AIRs have on academic research. And on a rights-based understanding of the value of academic freedom, they rely on excessively lavish assumptions about the kinds of activities that academic freedom protects.
商业性的学术-产业关系（AIRs）在生物技术领域广泛存在，并导致了对学术研究的一系列广泛限制。对这些限制的反对主要集中在它们侵犯学术自由这一指控上。我认为这些反对几乎总是不成功的。从结果主义对学术自由价值的理解来看，它们依赖于关于学术-产业关系对学术研究的总体影响的毫无根据的实证主张。而从基于权利的对学术自由价值的理解来看，它们依赖于对学术自由所保护的活动种类的过度宽泛的假设。
