Haffejee I E, Moosa A
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Natal, South Africa.
Ann Trop Paediatr. 1990;10(3):245-54. doi: 10.1080/02724936.1990.11747438.
In a prospective study of rotavirus (RV) diarrhoea in Indian (Asian) infants in South Africa, it was found that in common with findings elsewhere in the world, vomiting and dehydration are prominent features of this disease. The dehydration was usually isotonic, though both hypo- and hypernatraemia did occur. Hypokalaemia was found to be much less common in RV than in non-RV diarrhoea. Unlike findings elsewhere, no definite 'rotavirus syndrome' associated with pyrexia and respiratory symptoms could be identified in RV diarrhoea as these occurred with equal frequency in non-RV patients. The mean total duration of RV diarrhoea (i.e. before admission plus during the hospital stay) was 5 days. The RV patients took significantly longer to recover from their diarrhoea than the non-RV ones, and mixed RV-bacterial infections prolonged the illness even more. Breast-feeding was associated with milder disease. Less than 2% of both RV and non-RV cases developed persistent diarrhoea of longer than 14 days' duration and this was most frequent in patients under 6 months of age with poor nutritional status.
在一项针对南非印度（亚洲）婴儿轮状病毒（RV）腹泻的前瞻性研究中，发现与世界其他地方的研究结果一样，呕吐和脱水是这种疾病的突出特征。脱水通常为等渗性，不过低钠血症和高钠血症也确实会出现。研究发现，RV腹泻患者中低钾血症的发生率远低于非RV腹泻患者。与其他地方的研究结果不同，在RV腹泻中未发现与发热和呼吸道症状相关的明确“轮状病毒综合征”，因为这些症状在非RV患者中的出现频率相同。RV腹泻的平均总病程（即入院前加上住院期间）为5天。RV患者腹泻恢复所需的时间明显长于非RV患者，RV与细菌混合感染会使病程延长得更多。母乳喂养与病情较轻有关。RV和非RV病例中均不到2%的患者出现持续时间超过14天的持续性腹泻，这在营养状况较差的6个月以下婴儿中最为常见。
