Mayr Florian B, Jilma Bernd
Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Wien Med Wochenschr. 2006 Sep;156(17-18):472-80. doi: 10.1007/s10354-006-0330-5.
Platelets play a life-saving role in hemostasis and blood clotting at sites of vascular injury and consequently are similarly involved in the pathological counterpart, namely thrombosis. Thus, anti-platelet therapy has become a mainstay in treatment and/or prophylaxis of conditions like myocardial infarction, stroke and other cardiovascular diseases. Acetyl-salicylic acid (ASA, aspirin) is still the most widely used agent and considered as the prototype antiplatelet drug. Since platelet activation occurs via several pathways that are not influenced by ASA, several other compounds have been developed to add to its beneficial effect. Currently four main classes of antiplatelet agents are available for clinical use: acetyl-salicylic acid (ASA), phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors, thienopyridines and the intravenous GPIIb/IIIa antagonists. This article gives a concise review of these four classes of anti-platelet agents, using ASA as the reference standard.
血小板在血管损伤部位的止血和凝血过程中发挥着挽救生命的作用,因此同样参与了其病理对应过程,即血栓形成。因此,抗血小板治疗已成为治疗和/或预防心肌梗死、中风及其他心血管疾病等病症的主要手段。乙酰水杨酸(ASA,阿司匹林)仍然是使用最广泛的药物,被视为抗血小板药物的原型。由于血小板活化通过多种不受ASA影响的途径发生,因此已开发出其他几种化合物以增强其有益效果。目前有四类主要的抗血小板药物可供临床使用:乙酰水杨酸(ASA)、磷酸二酯酶(PDE)抑制剂、噻吩并吡啶类和静脉注射的糖蛋白IIb/IIIa拮抗剂。本文以ASA作为参考标准,对这四类抗血小板药物进行简要综述。