Miller Kimran E, Bales Karen L, Ramos Jadir H, Dietz James M
Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA.
Am J Primatol. 2006 Nov;68(11):1037-53. doi: 10.1002/ajp.20306.
Callitrichid females are often described as energetically constrained. We examined the energy budgets of 10 female wild golden lion tamarins (GLTs, Leontopithecus rosalia) in an effort to understand how energy intake and expenditure might influence physical condition and therefore reproductive performance. We used focal animal sampling to record behavioral data and conducted energy analyses of foods consumed by GLTs to estimate intake and expenditure. We used two-tailed Wilcoxon signed-rank tests to compare intake in the reproductive vs. nonreproductive period and expenditure in the reproductive vs. nonreproductive period. Energy intake decreased during the reproductive period compared to the nonreproductive period. While total expenditure did not vary significantly across the two periods, females spent more time and therefore expended significantly more energy engaged in energetically inexpensive behaviors (i.e., sleeping or being stationary) during the reproductive period compared to the nonreproductive period. We suggest that reproductive female GLTs may adopt a reproductive strategy that includes high intake prior to pregnancy and lactation, and energy conservation during pregnancy and lactation.
绢毛猴属的雌性通常被描述为能量受限。我们研究了10只野生雌性金狮狨（GLTs，金头狮面狨，Leontopithecus rosalia）的能量预算，以了解能量摄入和消耗如何影响身体状况，进而影响繁殖性能。我们采用焦点动物取样法记录行为数据，并对金狮狨消耗的食物进行能量分析，以估计能量摄入和消耗。我们使用双尾Wilcoxon符号秩检验来比较繁殖期与非繁殖期的能量摄入以及繁殖期与非繁殖期的能量消耗。与非繁殖期相比，繁殖期的能量摄入减少。虽然两个时期的总能量消耗没有显著差异，但与非繁殖期相比，雌性在繁殖期花费更多时间，因此在从事能量消耗较低的行为（即睡觉或静止不动）时消耗的能量显著更多。我们认为，处于繁殖期的雌性金狮狨可能会采取一种繁殖策略，即在怀孕和哺乳前大量摄入能量，并在怀孕和哺乳期间保存能量。
