Shi Guanglu, Wang Younian, Liu Suqi, Miao Zhenwang, Cao Hui, Li Dengke, Zhang Teiqiang, Yu Tongquan
Key Laboratory of New Technology of Agricultural Application of Beijing, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2006 Jul;17(7):1234-8.
To effectively control the scale insects in jujube orchards, a field study was made on the population structure and niche of Pseudococcus comstock Kuwane, Ceroplastes japonicus Green and Quadraspidiotus perniciosus Comstock in the jujube orchards intercropped with wheat in Taigu area of Shanxi Province. The results showed that at the early development stage of jujube trees, these three kinds of scale insects mainly distributed on the southeast direction of the lower and central parts of the tree crown, and P. comstock was the dominant species, with a wider breadth of two-dimensional temporal-spatial niche than the other two scale insects. At the mid-stage of jujube trees development, these scale insects mainly distributed on the northwest direction of the upper part of the tree crown, C. japonicus had a wider breadth of two-dimensional temporal-spatial niche than the other two scale insects, and the niche proportional similarity and interspecific competition of the three kinds of scale insects were not obvious. At the later stage of jujube trees development, there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the population structure of the three kinds of scale insects on the different parts and directions of tree crown, but the density of Q. perniciosus was bigger, and C. japonicus had a wider breadth of two-dimensional temporal-spatial niche. The average values of niche proportional similarity and interspecific competition of the three kinds of scale insects were smaller (P < 0.05) at the later development stage of jujube trees. Therefore, P. comstock should be controlled at the early development stage of jujube trees, all the three kinds of scale insects should be controlled selectively at the mid-stage of jujube trees development, and their overwinterings should be decreased by all means at the later development stage of jujube trees.
为有效防治枣园蚧壳虫，对山西省太谷地区枣麦间作枣园的康氏粉蚧、日本龟蜡蚧和梨圆蚧的种群结构及生态位进行了田间研究。结果表明，枣树发育前期，这3种蚧壳虫主要分布在树冠中下部东南方向，康氏粉蚧为优势种，其二维时空生态位宽度比其他两种蚧壳虫宽。枣树发育中期，蚧壳虫主要分布在树冠上部西北方向，日本龟蜡蚧的二维时空生态位宽度比其他两种蚧壳虫宽，3种蚧壳虫的生态位比例相似性和种间竞争不明显。枣树发育后期，3种蚧壳虫在树冠不同部位和方向上的种群结构差异不显著（P＞0.05），但梨圆蚧的虫口密度较大，日本龟蜡蚧的二维时空生态位宽度较宽。枣树发育后期3种蚧壳虫的生态位比例相似性和种间竞争平均值较小（P＜0.05）。因此，枣树发育前期应重点防治康氏粉蚧，枣树发育中期应选择性防治3种蚧壳虫，枣树发育后期应采取一切措施降低其越冬基数。
