Loder Elizabeth W
Harvard Medical School, Graham Headache Centre, Boston, MA 02130, USA.
Headache. 2006 Oct;46 Suppl 2:S55-60. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2006.00555.x.
The incidence of migraine varies over the course of the menstrual cycle. In the general population, approximately 60% of women with migraine report an increased frequency of headache during menses. The estrogen withdrawal that occurs just prior to the onset of menses and that leads to loss of serotonergic tone is thought to be the trigger for headaches that arise at this time of the menstrual cycle. The ability of triptans, specific serotonin receptor agonists, to prevent menstrual migraine is consistent with this hypothesis. Moreover, compared with headaches that occur during other times in the cycle, menstrual migraines are more severe in most women and may be of longer duration, as well as more resistant to treatment in a subset of women.
偏头痛的发病率在月经周期中会有所变化。在一般人群中，约60%的偏头痛女性报告在月经期间头痛频率增加。月经开始前发生的雌激素撤退导致血清素能张力丧失，被认为是月经周期这个时间段出现头痛的触发因素。曲坦类药物（特异性血清素受体激动剂）预防月经性偏头痛的能力与这一假说相符。此外，与月经周期其他时间段出现的头痛相比，大多数女性的月经性偏头痛更为严重，可能持续时间更长，并且在一部分女性中对治疗更具抵抗性。
