Boink Gerard J J, Seppen Jurgen, de Bakker Jacques M T, Tan Hanno L
Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Med Biol Eng Comput. 2007 Feb;45(2):167-76. doi: 10.1007/s11517-006-0112-7. Epub 2006 Oct 18.
Old age and a variety of cardiovascular disorders may disrupt normal sinus node function. Currently, this is successfully treated with electronic pacemakers, which, however, leave room for improvement. During the past decade, different strategies to initiate pacemaker function by gene therapy were developed. In the search for a biological pacemaker, various approaches were explored, including beta(2)-adrenergic receptor overexpression, down regulation of the inward rectifier current, and overexpression of the pacemaker current. The most recent advances include overexpression of bioengineered ion channels and genetically modified stem cells. This review considers the strengths and the weaknesses of the different approaches and discusses some of the different viral vectors currently used.
老年以及多种心血管疾病可能会扰乱正常的窦房结功能。目前，这一问题通过电子起搏器得到了成功治疗，然而，仍有改进的空间。在过去十年中，人们开发了通过基因疗法启动起搏器功能的不同策略。在寻找生物起搏器的过程中，探索了各种方法，包括β(2)-肾上腺素能受体过表达、内向整流电流的下调以及起搏电流的过表达。最新进展包括生物工程离子通道的过表达和基因修饰干细胞。本文综述了不同方法的优缺点，并讨论了目前使用的一些不同病毒载体。
