Schenk Mirjam, Mueller Christoph
Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 31, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland.
Semin Immunol. 2007 Apr;19(2):84-93. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2006.09.002. Epub 2006 Oct 18.
Intestinal macrophages, preferentially located in the subepithelial lamina propria, represent in humans the largest pool of tissue macrophages. To comply with their main task, i.e. the efficient removal of microbes and particulate matter that might have gained access to the mucosa from the intestinal lumen while maintaining local tissue homeostasis, several phenotypic and functional adaptations evolved. Most notably, microbe-associated molecular pattern (MAMP) receptors, including the lipopolysaccharide receptors CD14 and TLR4, but also the Fc receptors for IgA and IgG are absent on most intestinal Mø. Here we review recent findings on the phenotypic and functional adaptations of intestinal Mø and their implications for the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases.
肠道巨噬细胞优先定位于上皮下固有层，在人类中代表着最大的组织巨噬细胞库。为了完成其主要任务，即有效清除可能从肠腔进入黏膜的微生物和颗粒物，同时维持局部组织稳态，肠道巨噬细胞发生了多种表型和功能适应性变化。最显著的是，大多数肠道巨噬细胞缺乏微生物相关分子模式（MAMP）受体，包括脂多糖受体CD14和TLR4，以及IgA和IgG的Fc受体。在此，我们综述了关于肠道巨噬细胞表型和功能适应性变化的最新研究结果及其对炎症性肠病发病机制的影响。
