人类癌症中的微小RNA特征

MicroRNA signatures in human cancers.

作者信息

Calin George A, Croce Carlo M

机构信息

Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.

出版信息

Nat Rev Cancer. 2006 Nov;6(11):857-66. doi: 10.1038/nrc1997.

DOI:10.1038/nrc1997

PMID:17060945

Abstract

MicroRNA (miRNA) alterations are involved in the initiation and progression of human cancer. The causes of the widespread differential expression of miRNA genes in malignant compared with normal cells can be explained by the location of these genes in cancer-associated genomic regions, by epigenetic mechanisms and by alterations in the miRNA processing machinery. MiRNA-expression profiling of human tumours has identified signatures associated with diagnosis, staging, progression, prognosis and response to treatment. In addition, profiling has been exploited to identify miRNA genes that might represent downstream targets of activated oncogenic pathways, or that target protein-coding genes involved in cancer.

摘要

微小RNA（miRNA）改变参与人类癌症的发生和发展。与正常细胞相比，miRNA基因在恶性细胞中广泛差异表达的原因可通过这些基因在癌症相关基因组区域的定位、表观遗传机制以及miRNA加工机制的改变来解释。人类肿瘤的miRNA表达谱分析已确定了与诊断、分期、进展、预后及治疗反应相关的特征。此外，表达谱分析已被用于鉴定可能代表激活的致癌途径下游靶点的miRNA基因，或靶向参与癌症的蛋白质编码基因的miRNA基因。