Puhl Rebecca M, Brownell Kelly D
Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity, Yale University, 309 Edwards Street, New Haven, CT 06520-8369, USA.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2006 Oct;14(10):1802-15. doi: 10.1038/oby.2006.208.
This study examined experiences of weight stigmatization, sources of stigma, coping strategies, psychological functioning, and eating behaviors in a sample of 2671 overweight and obese adults.
The total sample was partitioned into two subsamples for investigation. Sample I was comprised of 2449 adult women, and Sample II was a matched sample of adult men and women (N = 222) that was disaggregated to investigate gender differences. Both samples completed an online battery of self-report questionnaires measuring frequency of weight stigmatization and coping responses to deal with bias, the most common sources of the bias, symptoms of depression, self-esteem, attitudes about weight and obesity, and binge eating behaviors.
Experiences of weight stigmatization, in many forms and across multiple occasions, was common in both samples. A variety of coping strategies were used in response. More frequent exposure to stigma was related to more attempts to cope and higher BMI. Physicians and family members were the most frequent sources of weight bias reported. No gender differences were observed in types or frequency of stigmatization. Frequency of stigmatization was not related to current psychological functioning, although coping responses were associated with emotional well-being.
These findings raise questions about the relationship between stigma and psychological functioning and have important implications for obesity treatment and stigma reduction intervention efforts, both of which are discussed.
本研究调查了2671名超重和肥胖成年人样本中的体重污名化经历、污名来源、应对策略、心理功能和饮食行为。
将总样本分为两个子样本进行调查。样本I由2449名成年女性组成，样本II是成年男性和女性的匹配样本（N = 222），该样本被进一步细分以调查性别差异。两个样本均完成了一系列在线自我报告问卷，这些问卷测量了体重污名化的频率以及应对偏见的应对反应、偏见最常见的来源、抑郁症状、自尊、对体重和肥胖的态度以及暴饮暴食行为。
在两个样本中，多种形式且在多个场合下的体重污名化经历都很常见。相应地使用了多种应对策略。更频繁地暴露于污名与更多的应对尝试和更高的体重指数相关。医生和家庭成员是报告中最常见的体重偏见来源。在污名化的类型或频率上未观察到性别差异。污名化频率与当前心理功能无关，尽管应对反应与情绪健康相关。
这些发现引发了关于污名与心理功能之间关系的问题，并对肥胖治疗和减少污名化干预措施具有重要意义，对此两者都进行了讨论。
