Wong H M, McGrath C, Lo E C M, King N M
Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
Caries Res. 2006;40(6):481-6. doi: 10.1159/000095646.
To compare the prevalence and severity of developmental defects of enamel (DDE) among subjects whose maxillary incisors developed during periods with different concentrations of fluoride in the public water supply.
Standardized intra-oral photographs of random samples of 12-year-old children were collected in 1983, 1991 and 2001 (n = 1,990) in Hong Kong and assessed for DDE by a trained masked examiner. The fluoride concentrations in the public water supply at the times when the enamel on their maxillary incisors developed were 1.0, 0.7 and 0.5 ppm, respectively.
The mouth prevalence of DDE for these children (based on the maxillary incisors) were 92.1, 55.8 and 35.2% in the years 1983, 1991 and 2001, respectively (p < 0.001). Most of these children were affected by diffuse opacities (89.3% in 1983, 48.5% in 1991 and 32.4% in 2001, p < 0.001). Marked differences in the mean number of teeth affected by DDE (p < 0.001) and in the maximum extent of DDE (p <or= 0.002) between 1983, 1991 and 2001 were also observed.
A decrease in the prevalence and severity of DDE among the maxillary incisor teeth of the children corresponded to the reductions in the concentration of fluoride in the water during the time of enamel development.
比较在上颌切牙发育期间公共供水氟浓度不同的人群中釉质发育缺陷（DDE）的患病率和严重程度。
于1983年、1991年和2001年在香港收集了12岁儿童随机样本的标准化口腔内照片（n = 1990），并由一名经过培训的盲法检查者对DDE进行评估。其上颌切牙釉质发育时公共供水的氟浓度分别为1.0、0.7和0.5 ppm。
这些儿童（以上颌切牙为基础）的DDE口腔患病率在1983年、1991年和2001年分别为92.1%、55.8%和35.2%（p < 0.001）。这些儿童大多受弥漫性浑浊影响（1983年为89.3%，1991年为48.5%，2001年为32.4%，p < 0.001）。在1983年、1991年和2001年之间，受DDE影响的牙齿平均数量（p < 0.001）以及DDE的最大范围（p≤0.002）也观察到显著差异。
儿童上颌切牙中DDE的患病率和严重程度的降低与釉质发育期间水中氟浓度的降低相对应。
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