Giele Carolien, Moore Hannah, Bayley Kathy, Harrison Catherine, Murphy Denise, Rooney Kylie, Keil Anthony D, Lehmann Deborah
Communicable Disease Control Directorate, Department of Health, P.O. Box 8172, Perth Business Centre, WA 6849, Australia.
Vaccine. 2007 Mar 22;25(13):2379-84. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.09.004. Epub 2006 Sep 18.
Enhanced surveillance for invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) has been ongoing in Western Australia since 1996. We describe the epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal disease in children aged <2 years between 1996 and 2005. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine has been offered to Aboriginal children and other high-risk children since July 2001 and to all Australian children since January 2005. A total of 1655 IPD cases were reported of whom 361 (55 Aboriginal) were aged <2 years. From 1996-2001 to 2002-2005, IPD incidence declined from 192 to 124/100,000/annum in Aboriginal children and from 70 to 56/100,000/annum in non-Aboriginal children. Incidence of IPD due to vaccine serotypes (VT) declined from 118 to 43/100,000/annum (p=0.05) in Aboriginal children and from 59 to 45/100,000/annum in non-Aboriginal children (p<0.001), with no increased incidence of disease due to non-vaccine serotypes. Continued surveillance is essential to measure the impact of the childhood pneumococcal conjugate vaccination program on IPD incidence and to identify the emergence of disease due to non-vaccine serotypes.
自1996年以来，西澳大利亚州一直在加强对侵袭性肺炎球菌疾病（IPD）的监测。我们描述了1996年至2005年间2岁以下儿童侵袭性肺炎球菌疾病的流行病学情况。自2001年7月起，已向原住民儿童和其他高危儿童提供肺炎球菌结合疫苗，自2005年1月起向所有澳大利亚儿童提供该疫苗。共报告了1655例IPD病例，其中361例（55例为原住民）年龄小于2岁。从1996 - 2001年到2002 - 2005年，原住民儿童的IPD发病率从每年192/10万降至124/10万，非原住民儿童的发病率从每年70/10万降至56/10万。原住民儿童中由疫苗血清型（VT）引起的IPD发病率从每年118/10万降至43/10万（p = 0.05），非原住民儿童从每年59/10万降至45/10万（p < 0.001），非疫苗血清型引起的疾病发病率没有增加。持续监测对于评估儿童肺炎球菌结合疫苗接种计划对IPD发病率的影响以及确定非疫苗血清型引起的疾病的出现至关重要。
