Treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia in patients with cardiovascular disease.

Pharmacological management is the most common therapeutic approach for patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists are the most commonly prescribed initial treatment. Although all of the alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists produce similar improvements in symptom scores and urinary flow rates, they have different adverse effect profiles, especially with respect to the cardiovascular system. The older alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists, terazosin and doxazosin, were initially approved for the treatment of hypertension and are associated with higher rates of dizziness, syncope and hypotension than the newer agents, tamsulosin and alfuzosin. The older alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists are also involved in more interactions and have a greater number of precautions concerning their usage with other cardiovascular medications. Of the newer alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists, tamsulosin has a lower rate of dizziness than alfuzosin. However, both of these agents are superior to doxazosin and terazosin in that no dose escalation or titration is needed for them.