Crössmann Alexander, Pauli Paul
Department of Psychology I, University of Wuerzburg, Marcusstr, 9-11, 97070 Wuerzburg, Germany.
BMC Psychiatry. 2006 Oct 26;6:46. doi: 10.1186/1471-244X-6-46.
The Illness Attitude Scales (IAS), designed by Kellner in 1986, assesses fears, beliefs, and attitudes associated with hypochondriasis and abnormal illness behaviour. However, its factor structure is, especially for translations of the IAS, not sufficiently explored. Thus, the present Study aimed to analyse the factor structure of the IAS in a German student and a patient population using exploratory factor analysis.
A mixed student (N = 296) and a mixed patient (N = 130) sample completed the IAS. The data was submitted to principal components analyses (PCA) with subsequent oblique rotations. From identified factor structures, scales were derived and submitted to reliability analyses as well as to a preliminary validity analysis.
The PCA revealed a four-factor solution in the student sample: (1) fear of illness and death; (2) treatment experience; (3) hypochondriacal beliefs; and (4) effect of symptoms. In the patient sample, the data was best explained by a two-factor solution: (1) health related anxiety and (2) effect of symptoms and treatment experience. All scales reached good to acceptable reliability coefficients. The scales derived from the student sample and those derived from the patient sample were able to distinguish between pain patients and a matched group of normal controls.
Our data suggests that the IAS is in student samples best represented by a four factor-solution and in patient samples by a two-factor-solution.
疾病态度量表（IAS）由凯尔纳于1986年设计，用于评估与疑病症及异常疾病行为相关的恐惧、信念和态度。然而，其因子结构，尤其是在IAS的翻译版本中，尚未得到充分研究。因此，本研究旨在通过探索性因子分析来分析IAS在德国学生群体和患者群体中的因子结构。
一个混合的学生样本（N = 296）和一个混合的患者样本（N = 130）完成了IAS测试。数据被提交至主成分分析（PCA）并随后进行斜交旋转。从确定的因子结构中导出量表，并进行信度分析以及初步效度分析。
PCA在学生样本中揭示了一个四因子结构：（1）对疾病和死亡的恐惧；（2）治疗经历；（3）疑病信念；（4）症状影响。在患者样本中，数据最好由一个两因子结构来解释：（1）与健康相关的焦虑；（2）症状和治疗经历的影响。所有量表的信度系数都达到了良好到可接受的水平。从学生样本中导出的量表和从患者样本中导出的量表能够区分疼痛患者和一组匹配的正常对照组。
我们的数据表明，IAS在学生样本中最好由一个四因子结构来表示，在患者样本中则由一个两因子结构来表示。
