Rushton Simon K, Bradshaw Mark F, Warren Paul A
School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Tower Building, Park Place, P.O. Box 901, Cardiff CF10 3YG, Wales, UK.
Cognition. 2007 Oct;105(1):237-45. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2006.09.004. Epub 2006 Oct 27.
An object that moves is spotted almost effortlessly; it "pops out". When the observer is stationary, a moving object is uniquely identified by retinal motion. This is not so when the observer is also moving; as the eye travels through space all scene objects change position relative to the eye producing a complicated field of retinal motion. Without the unique identifier of retinal motion an object moving relative to the scene should be difficult to locate. Using a search task, we investigated this proposition. Computer-rendered objects were moved and transformed in a manner consistent with movement of the observer. Despite the complex pattern of retinal motion, objects moving relative to the scene were found to pop out. We suggest the brain uses its sensitivity to optic flow to "stabilise" the scene, allowing the scene-relative movement of an object to be identified.
一个移动的物体几乎不费吹灰之力就能被发现；它“突显出来”。当观察者静止不动时，一个移动的物体可通过视网膜运动被唯一识别。但当观察者也在移动时情况就不同了；随着眼睛在空间中移动，所有场景物体相对于眼睛都会改变位置，从而产生一个复杂的视网膜运动场。没有视网膜运动这个唯一标识符，相对于场景移动的物体应该很难定位。我们通过一项搜索任务对这一观点进行了研究。计算机渲染的物体以与观察者移动一致的方式移动和变换。尽管视网膜运动模式复杂，但相对于场景移动的物体仍被发现会突显出来。我们认为大脑利用其对光流的敏感性来“稳定”场景，从而能够识别物体相对于场景的运动。
