Knibbe Ronald Arnold, Joosten Jan, Choquet Marie, Derickx Mieke, Morin Delphine, Monshouwer Karin
University Maastricht, Health Care Sciences, Section Medical Sociology, Post Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, Limburg, The Netherlands.
Soc Sci Med. 2007 Feb;64(3):604-16. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2006.09.023. Epub 2006 Oct 27.
Our main goal was to establish whether French and Dutch adolescents differ in rates of substance-related adverse events (e.g. fights, robbery), problems with peers or socializing agents even when controlling for pattern of substance use. For problems with peers and socializing agents due to alcohol we hypothesized that, because of stronger informal control of drinking in France, French adolescents are more likely to report problems with peers and socializing agents. For adverse events due to alcohol no difference was expected after controlling for consumption patterns. For drug-related problems, the hypothesis was that, due to the more restrictive drug policy in France, French adolescents are more likely to report problems with peers, socializing agents and adverse events. Comparable surveys based on samples of adolescent schoolchildren in France (n=9646) and the Netherlands (n=4291) were used. Data were analysed using multilevel logistic regression in which school, age and gender, indicators of substance use and country were used as predictors of substance-related problems. The outcomes show that French adolescents are more likely to report problems with peers and socializing agents due to alcohol even when consumption pattern is controlled for. For adverse events due to alcohol no difference was found between French and Dutch adolescents. For drug-related problems the expected differences were found; i.e. French adolescents are more likely to report problems with peers, socializing agents and adverse events even when controlling for pattern of drug use. It is concluded that there are culturally embedded differences in the rates of some types of problems due to alcohol or drug use. With respect to alcohol use, these differences are most likely due to culturally embedded differences in the informal social control of alcohol use. The differences in rates of drug-related problems are interpreted in the context of national differences in drug policy.
我们的主要目标是确定法国和荷兰青少年在与物质相关的不良事件（如打架、抢劫）发生率、同伴问题或社交问题方面是否存在差异，即使在控制了物质使用模式的情况下。对于因酒精导致的同伴问题和社交问题，我们假设，由于法国对饮酒有更强的非正式控制，法国青少年更有可能报告同伴问题和社交问题。对于因酒精导致的不良事件，在控制消费模式后预计不会有差异。对于与毒品相关的问题，假设是，由于法国的毒品政策更为严格，法国青少年更有可能报告同伴问题、社交问题和不良事件。我们使用了基于法国（n = 9646）和荷兰（n = 4291）青少年学童样本的可比调查。数据采用多层次逻辑回归进行分析，其中学校、年龄和性别、物质使用指标和国家被用作与物质相关问题的预测因素。结果表明，即使在控制了消费模式的情况下，法国青少年因酒精导致的同伴问题和社交问题的报告率更高。对于因酒精导致的不良事件，法国和荷兰青少年之间没有发现差异。对于与毒品相关的问题，发现了预期的差异；即即使在控制了毒品使用模式的情况下，法国青少年更有可能报告同伴问题、社交问题和不良事件。得出的结论是，在因酒精或毒品使用导致的某些类型问题的发生率方面存在文化嵌入差异。关于酒精使用，这些差异很可能是由于酒精使用的非正式社会控制方面的文化嵌入差异。与毒品相关问题发生率的差异是在毒品政策的国家差异背景下进行解释的。
