Leow L P, Huckabee M-L, Sharma S, Tooley T P
Van der Veer Institute for Parkinson's and Brain Research, 66 Stewart Street, Christchurch, New Zealand.
Chem Senses. 2007 Feb;32(2):119-28. doi: 10.1093/chemse/bjl037. Epub 2006 Oct 27.
Prior research has documented a modulating effect of taste on swallowing. We hypothesized that presentation of tastant stimuli would be a significant variable in swallowing-respiratory coordination, duration of oral bolus preparation, and submental muscle contraction. Twenty-three healthy females were presented with 1-cm(3) gelatin samples flavored with 4 tastants of increasing intensities. Visual analogue scale ratings of perceived intensity of each were used to identify relative equivalent concentrations across the 4 tastants. Data were then collected during ingestion of 5 trials of the 4 equivalent tastants using measurements of nasal airflow and submental surface electromyography (sEMG) to record biomechanical measures. Chi-square analysis failed to identify a statistically significant influence of taste on the phase location of swallowing apnea. Repeated measures analysis of variance demonstrated significant taste effects for oral preparation time, submental sEMG amplitude, and duration (P < 0.02). Sweet tastants were prepared for a shorter time when compared with bitter tastants. Swallow duration for sour, salty, and bitter tastants were longer than sweet and neutral tastants. Sour tastants resulted in the greatest amplitude of submental muscle contraction during swallowing. This study supports existing research that found that sour substances were swallowed with more effort when compared with other tastes.
先前的研究已经记录了味觉对吞咽的调节作用。我们假设味觉刺激的呈现会是吞咽-呼吸协调、口腔食团准备时间以及颏下肌肉收缩方面的一个重要变量。向23名健康女性提供了1立方厘米用4种强度递增的味觉剂调味的明胶样本。使用对每种味觉剂感知强度的视觉模拟量表评分来确定4种味觉剂之间相对等效的浓度。然后在摄入4种等效味觉剂的5次试验过程中收集数据，利用鼻气流测量和颏下表面肌电图（sEMG）来记录生物力学指标。卡方分析未能确定味觉对吞咽呼吸暂停阶段位置有统计学上的显著影响。重复测量方差分析表明，在口腔准备时间、颏下sEMG振幅和持续时间方面存在显著的味觉效应（P < 0.02）。与苦味味觉剂相比，甜味味觉剂的准备时间更短。酸味、咸味和苦味味觉剂的吞咽持续时间比甜味和无味觉剂更长。酸味味觉剂在吞咽过程中导致颏下肌肉收缩的幅度最大。本研究支持了现有研究，即与其他味道相比，酸味物质吞咽时更费力。
