Kovacs J A
Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
AIDS Clin Rev. 1990:129-47.
There has been a dramatic improvement in the ability to diagnose P. carinii pneumonia since the beginning of the AIDS epidemic. Currently at the NIH over 90% of patients with P. carinii pneumonia can be diagnosed within a few hours of presentation by examination of an induced sputum specimen. Improved diagnosis has led to earlier initiation of therapy and an improvement in survival. However, as clinical management of AIDS patients improves, it is possible that there will be a change in the clinical presentation of P. carinii pneumonia, with an associated increased difficulty in making the correct diagnosis.
自艾滋病流行开始以来，卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎的诊断能力有了显著提高。目前在美国国立卫生研究院，超过90%的卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎患者在就诊后数小时内通过检查诱导痰标本即可确诊。诊断的改善使得治疗能够更早开始，生存率也有所提高。然而，随着艾滋病患者临床管理的改善，卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎的临床表现可能会发生变化，正确诊断的难度也可能随之增加。
