Yanaihara N
University of Shizuoka School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan.
Hum Cell. 1990 Mar;3(1):1-8.
Recent advances in the field of peptide chemistry and gene technology have resulted in an explosive accumulation of information on the chemical structures of gastrointestinal hormones. Based on the information, chemical syntheses of these peptides or their shorter fragments and analogs have been performed. Synthetic peptides related to the hormones have now become important tools in searching for functions of peptides and in producing region-specific antisera to the respective peptides. Using these antisera, hormone-producing cells were clearly identified and the post-translational biosynthetic processings in the cells were demonstrated. Recent immunohistochemical studies have also revealed that cells contain and can release a variety of peptides or amines that are capable of influencing target cells and acting as hormone, neurotransmitter or neuromodulator. In addition, recent studies on galanin and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) are described.
肽化学和基因技术领域的最新进展导致了关于胃肠激素化学结构的信息呈爆发式积累。基于这些信息，已对这些肽或其较短片段及类似物进行了化学合成。与激素相关的合成肽现已成为探寻肽功能以及制备针对各肽的区域特异性抗血清的重要工具。利用这些抗血清，可清晰鉴定产生激素的细胞，并证明细胞内的翻译后生物合成过程。最近的免疫组织化学研究还表明，细胞含有并能释放多种能够影响靶细胞并作为激素、神经递质或神经调质起作用的肽或胺。此外，还介绍了最近关于甘丙肽和胰高血糖素样肽 -1（GLP -1）的研究。
