Paliwal Sumit, Mitragotri Samir
University of California, Department of Chemical Engineering, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2006 Nov;3(6):713-26. doi: 10.1517/17425247.3.6.713.
Ultrasound, which has been conventionally used for diagnostics until recently, is now being extensively used for drug and gene delivery. This transformation has come about primarily due to ultrasound-mediated acoustic cavitation - particularly transient cavitation. Acoustic cavitation has been used to facilitate the delivery of small molecules, as well as macromolecules, including proteins and DNA. Controlled generation of cavitation has also been used for targeting drugs to diseased tissues, including skin, brain, eyes and endothelium. Ultrasound has also been employed for the treatment of several diseases, including thromboembolism, arteriosclerosis and cancer. This review provides a detailed account of mechanisms, current status and future prospects of ultrasonic cavitation in drug and gene delivery applications.
直到最近，超声一直传统上用于诊断，现在正被广泛用于药物和基因递送。这种转变主要是由于超声介导的声空化作用——尤其是瞬态空化。声空化已被用于促进小分子以及包括蛋白质和DNA在内的大分子的递送。可控的空化产生也已用于将药物靶向到患病组织，包括皮肤、大脑、眼睛和内皮。超声还被用于治疗多种疾病，包括血栓栓塞、动脉硬化和癌症。本文综述详细阐述了超声空化在药物和基因递送应用中的机制、现状和未来前景。
