González Claudio, Kanevsky Diego, De Marco Rubén, Di Girolamo Guillermo, Santoro Silvina
Department of Pharmacology, Instituto Universitario, CEMIC, Galvan 4102, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2006 Nov;3(6):763-70. doi: 10.1517/17425247.3.6.763.
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that usually requires multiple insulin injections to achieve adequate glycaemic control. This represents a major cause of reduced compliance to treatment. Consequently, other routes for insulin administration have been explored. During recent years, much progress in the development of inhaled insulin has been made. Inhaled insulin has shown favourable properties, such as a rapid onset of action, improved bioavailability and good tolerability; thereby providing satisfaction and ease of administration. However, long-term safety of inhaled insulin needs to be assessed, and the cost would be higher than injectable insulin. Nasal, oral and transdermal insulins are undergoing early phases of pharmacological development. The purpose of this review is to describe the latest developments in the area of non-invasive routes for insulin delivery.
糖尿病是一种慢性病，通常需要多次注射胰岛素才能实现充分的血糖控制。这是导致治疗依从性降低的一个主要原因。因此，人们探索了胰岛素给药的其他途径。近年来，吸入式胰岛素的研发取得了很大进展。吸入式胰岛素已显示出有利的特性，如起效迅速、生物利用度提高和耐受性良好；从而提供了给药的便利性和满意度。然而，吸入式胰岛素的长期安全性需要评估，而且其成本会高于注射用胰岛素。鼻腔、口服和透皮胰岛素正处于药理学开发的早期阶段。本综述的目的是描述胰岛素非侵入性给药途径领域的最新进展。
