Chummun Harry
University of Greenwich, Avery Hill Campus, Eltham, London.
Br J Nurs. 2006;15(18):1017-20. doi: 10.12968/bjon.2006.15.18.22029.
Reductionism and holism are two contrasting philosophies which provide scientific knowledge of disease processes, health dynamics and care interventions. While reductionism focuses on specific and perhaps narrow concepts, it enhances our in-depth knowledge of key health issues. Holism focuses on understanding how all the significant factors affecting the particular health issue are involved, so a more informed decision can be made about health intervention. This article explores the contribution each makes to our understanding of coronary heart disease (CHD) and to the preparation of nurses working in cardiac nursing. It proposes that pre- and post-registration nursing curricula reflect both reductionist and holistic approaches and therefore cardiac nurses are suitably trained to manage reductionist as well as holistic care for clients with CHD.
还原论和整体论是两种截然不同的哲学理念，它们为疾病过程、健康动态及护理干预提供科学知识。还原论专注于特定且可能较为狭隘的概念，却能加深我们对关键健康问题的深入了解。整体论则着重理解影响特定健康问题的所有重要因素是如何相互关联的，从而能在健康干预方面做出更明智的决策。本文探讨了二者在我们对冠心病（CHD）的理解以及对从事心脏护理工作的护士培训方面所做的贡献。文章提出，注册前和注册后的护理课程应同时体现还原论和整体论方法，因此心脏科护士应接受适当培训，以便为冠心病患者提供还原论及整体论护理。
