Chvátal Alexandr, Anderová Miroslava, Hock Miroslav, Prajerová Iva, Neprasová Helena, Chvátal Viktor, Kirchhoff Frank, Syková Eva
Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.
J Neurosci Res. 2007 Feb 1;85(2):260-71. doi: 10.1002/jnr.21113.
Neuronal activity and many pathological states in the CNS are accompanied by transient astrocytic swelling, which affects excitability, extrasynaptic transmission, and neuron-glia interactions. By using three-dimensional confocal morphometry (3DCM), we quantified the morphometric parameters of astrocytes in intact tissue. In experiments performed in brain cortex slices from transgenic GFAP/EGFP mice, we applied 3DCM to study the dynamic changes in astrocyte morphology during hypotonic stress. Our morphometric analysis showed that the effect of a 10-min application of hypotonic solution (200 mmol/kg) on the swelling of different cell compartments was dependent on the extent of the swelling of the total astrocyte volume. If the swelling of the whole cell, i.e., soma and processes, was less than approximately 10%, there were no differences between the swelling of the soma and the processes. However, if the swelling of the total cell volume was greater than 10%, the swelling of the processes was greater than the swelling of the soma. Analyzing the effect of hypotonic solution on the morphology of these astrocytes revealed that the total cell volume increased; however, certain cell compartments were distinguished in which the volume increased, whereas in other compartments cell volume decreased or apparently did not change, and the structure of some compartments was altered. Our data show that astrocytes in brain slices undergoing hypotonic stress display cell volume regulation as well as transient changes in morphology.
中枢神经系统中的神经元活动和许多病理状态都伴随着星形胶质细胞的短暂肿胀，这会影响兴奋性、突触外传递以及神经元与胶质细胞的相互作用。通过使用三维共聚焦形态测量法（3DCM），我们对完整组织中星形胶质细胞的形态测量参数进行了量化。在对转基因GFAP/EGFP小鼠的大脑皮质切片进行的实验中，我们应用3DCM来研究低渗应激期间星形胶质细胞形态的动态变化。我们的形态测量分析表明，施加10分钟的低渗溶液（200 mmol/kg）对不同细胞区室肿胀的影响取决于星形胶质细胞总体积的肿胀程度。如果整个细胞（即胞体和突起）的肿胀小于约10%，则胞体和突起的肿胀之间没有差异。然而，如果细胞总体积的肿胀大于10%，则突起的肿胀大于胞体的肿胀。分析低渗溶液对这些星形胶质细胞形态的影响发现，细胞总体积增加；然而，可以区分出某些体积增加的细胞区室，而在其他区室中细胞体积减小或明显没有变化，并且一些区室的结构发生了改变。我们的数据表明，经历低渗应激的脑切片中的星形胶质细胞表现出细胞体积调节以及形态的短暂变化。
