Akpaka P E, Christian N, Bodonaik N C, Smikle M F
Department of Microbiology, The University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica, West Indies.
West Indian Med J. 2006 Jun;55(3):170-3. doi: 10.1590/s0043-31442006000300008.
The prevalence and significance of coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) isolated from blood cultures at the University Hospital of the West Indies (UHWI) during a six-month period were investigated. Standard and automated microbiological procedures were used to process 3001 blood culture specimens received from 2363 patients and 658 (21.9%) of the blood cultures yielded 854 bacterial isolates. The highest prevalence of positive blood cultures (60%) and the lowest prevalence of blood isolates of CoNS (12%) were found in the intensive care unit (ICU). The blood isolates of CoNS were most frequent in the surgical wards (13%) and lowest in obstetrics and gynaecology (2%). High rates of resistance to methicillin, other anti-staphylococcal penicillins, and cephalosporins used in the treatment of CoNS were observed All blood isolates of CoNS (100%) were susceptible to vancomycin. In conclusion, the results show that coagulase-negative staphylococci are the most prevalent bacterial isolates in blood cultures at the UHWI occurring mostly as contaminants. The practice of proper venepuncture and hand-washing techniques by medical staff are recommended to facilitate appropriate antibiotic usage.
对西印度群岛大学医院（UHWI）六个月期间从血培养中分离出的凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（CoNS）的患病率及意义进行了调查。采用标准和自动化微生物学程序处理从2363名患者处收到的3001份血培养标本，其中658份（21.9%）血培养培养出854株细菌分离株。在重症监护病房（ICU）发现血培养阳性率最高（60%），而CoNS血分离株患病率最低（12%）。CoNS的血分离株在外科病房最为常见（13%），在妇产科最低（2%）。观察到用于治疗CoNS的甲氧西林、其他抗葡萄球菌青霉素和头孢菌素的耐药率很高。所有CoNS血分离株（100%）对万古霉素敏感。总之，结果表明凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌是UHWI血培养中最常见的细菌分离株，大多作为污染物出现。建议医护人员规范静脉穿刺和洗手技术，以促进合理使用抗生素。
