Tanaka Chiaki, Yoshida Hiroto, Amano Hidenori, Kumagai Shu, Fujiwara Yoshinori, Tsuchiya Yumiko, Shinkai Shoji
Obirin University.
Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi. 2006 Sep;53(9):671-80.
This study was conducted to examine the relationship between physical activity level (PAL) and physical, mental and social factors in community-dwelling elderly people.
The subjects comprised 428 residents aged 70 or over living in Kusatsu-machi, Gunma, who took part in an interview and tests of physical fitness as part of the "NIKKORI-KENKOSODANJIGYO". Data for 330 out of the 428 residents were adopted for this study. The PAL was evaluated with a questionnaire developed by Naito et al. (2003). Subjects were interviewed on physical, mental and social functioning including the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology (TMIG) Index of Competence and cognitive function (Mini Mental State Examination: MMSE). Physical fitness tests included assessment of handgrip strength, usual and maximal walking speed, and one-leg standing balance with eyes open.
Correlations between PAL and the TMIG Index of Competence, physical (e.g. physical fitness), mental (e.g. depression) and social (e.g. roles at home) factors, and smoking status were significant by ANCOVA adjusted for age and sex. Analysis using a general linear model indicated that smoking status, usual walking speed, depression, roles at home, frequency of going outdoors and visual impairment all together explained 13.5% of the PAL variance.
The findings indicate that PAL in the community-dwelling elderly aged 70 years or over is associated with physical, mental and social factors.
本研究旨在探讨社区居住老年人的身体活动水平（PAL）与身体、心理和社会因素之间的关系。
研究对象包括428名居住在群马县草津町、年龄在70岁及以上的居民，他们参与了作为“尼康里健康诊断项目”一部分的访谈和体能测试。本研究采用了428名居民中330人的数据。PAL通过内藤等人（2003年）编制的问卷进行评估。对受试者进行了关于身体、心理和社会功能的访谈，包括东京都老人综合研究所（TMIG）能力指数和认知功能（简易精神状态检查表：MMSE）。体能测试包括握力评估、平常和最大步行速度以及睁眼单腿站立平衡测试。
经年龄和性别调整的协方差分析显示，PAL与TMIG能力指数、身体（如体能）、心理（如抑郁）和社会（如家庭角色）因素以及吸烟状况之间存在显著相关性。使用一般线性模型进行的分析表明，吸烟状况、平常步行速度、抑郁、家庭角色、户外活动频率和视力障碍共同解释了PAL方差的13.5%。
研究结果表明，70岁及以上社区居住老年人的PAL与身体、心理和社会因素相关。
