Cho Heon Jae
Department of Orthodontics, University of the Pacific, Arthur A Dugoni School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA.
J Calif Dent Assoc. 2006 Oct;34(10):813-20.
Orthodontic tooth treatment depends on anchorage for improved results. There are many different sources of orthodontic anchorage. Segments of teeth or the entire arch have been the most common type of orthodontic anchorage. But in challenging situations, orthodontists frequently need extra-dental supplements of anchorage such as headgear, face mask, and intermaxillary elastics. Most of them require the patient's compliance. Recently, temporary mini-implants placed within the bone tissue have been used as orthodontic anchorage. It has been proven in many studies and case reports that the mini-implant is a very reliable anchorage source clinically and histologically. The purpose of this article is to introduce the basic clinical application of mini-implants as orthodontic anchorage and to discuss basic concepts about the tissue reaction of peri-implant bone upon placement and loading either from orthodontic mechanics and/or function in the orthodontic treatment of the patients. It is possible for mini-implants to supply absolute anchorage even though they may move slightly within the bone tissue without losing clinical stability. The primary application of mini-implants as orthodontic anchorage will be cases that need absolute anchorage for desired tooth movement.
正畸牙齿治疗依赖于支抗以获得更好的效果。正畸支抗有许多不同的来源。牙齿片段或整个牙弓一直是最常见的正畸支抗类型。但在具有挑战性的情况下，正畸医生经常需要额外的口腔外支抗补充，如头帽、面罩和颌间弹力牵引。其中大多数需要患者的配合。最近，置于骨组织内的临时微型种植体已被用作正畸支抗。许多研究和病例报告已证明，微型种植体在临床和组织学上都是非常可靠的支抗来源。本文的目的是介绍微型种植体作为正畸支抗的基本临床应用，并讨论在正畸治疗中，从正畸力学和/或功能角度，微型种植体植入和加载时周围种植体骨组织反应的基本概念。微型种植体即使可能在骨组织内稍有移动但不丧失临床稳定性，也能够提供绝对支抗。微型种植体作为正畸支抗的主要应用将是那些需要绝对支抗以实现期望牙齿移动的病例。
