Ozeraitiene Violeta, Būtenaite Violeta
Institute of rehabilitation, Sports Medicine, and Nursing, Vilnius University, Antakalnio 57, 10207 Vilnius, Lithuania.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2006;42(10):836-42.
To examine the relationship between bone mineral density and nutritional status, age, and anthropometrical data in elderly women.
A validated international nutrition-risk-screening questionnaire, the Mini Nutritional Assessment, was used for evaluation of nutrition. The Mini Nutritional Assessment is a clinical tool consisting of four items: anthropometric assessment, global evaluation, dietetic assessment, and subjective assessment. Height and body weight were measured while the participants wore indoor clothes and no shoes; mid-arm and calf circumferences were measured with tape measure. The measurements of skinfold thickness on triceps, waist, and thigh were taken with a caliper. Bone mineral density was measured at distal radius of the nondominant forearm by dual x-ray absorptiometry.
Our results indicate that anthropometric parameters (height, weight, body mass index, skinfold thickness) in elderly women with osteoporosis were the smallest. It was determined that more fats and proteins are reserved in the body, the greater the bone mineral density is. The nutritional status and age had a significant influence on bone mineral density. It was determined that women with osteoporosis had a tendency for greater malnutrition risk according to Mini Nutritional Assessment. Women with osteoporosis had worse appetites and suffered from cardiovascular diseases more often.
It was determined that the nutritional status of elderly women, assessed by the Mini Nutritional Assessment questionnaire, reflects bone mineral density. It was found that women's age and anthropometric data, reflecting fat reserves in the body (body mass index, skinfold thickness), are significantly related to low bone mineral density.
研究老年女性骨密度与营养状况、年龄及人体测量数据之间的关系。
采用经过验证的国际营养风险筛查问卷——微型营养评定法（Mini Nutritional Assessment）对营养状况进行评估。微型营养评定法是一种临床工具，由四个项目组成：人体测量评估、整体评估、饮食评估和主观评估。测量参与者穿着室内服装且不穿鞋时的身高和体重；用卷尺测量上臂中部和小腿周长。用卡尺测量三头肌、腰部和大腿的皮褶厚度。通过双能X线吸收法测量非优势前臂远端桡骨的骨密度。
我们的结果表明，患有骨质疏松症的老年女性的人体测量参数（身高、体重、体重指数、皮褶厚度）最小。研究发现，体内储存的脂肪和蛋白质越多，骨密度越高。营养状况和年龄对骨密度有显著影响。根据微型营养评定法确定，患有骨质疏松症的女性有更高的营养不良风险倾向。患有骨质疏松症的女性食欲较差，患心血管疾病的频率更高。
通过微型营养评定法问卷评估的老年女性营养状况反映了骨密度。研究发现，女性的年龄和反映体内脂肪储备的人体测量数据（体重指数、皮褶厚度）与低骨密度显著相关。
