Slottje Pauline, Twisk Jos W R, Smidt Nynke, Huizink Anja C, Witteveen Anke B, van Mechelen Willem, Smid Tjabe
EMGO Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Qual Life Res. 2007 Mar;16(2):239-52. doi: 10.1007/s11136-006-9006-2. Epub 2006 Nov 8.
In 1992 a cargo aircraft crashed into apartment buildings in Amsterdam. In the troublesome aftermath rumours emerged on potential toxic exposures and health consequences. The aim of this study is to assess the long-term impact of this disaster on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of professional assistance workers.
Historic cohort study, using questionnaires to assess occupational disaster exposure, HRQoL (SF36), and background variables, at on average 8.5 years post-disaster. Participating were the exposed professional firefighters (n = 334) and police officers (n = 834) who reported disaster-related task(s), and their non-exposed colleagues who did not report such tasks (n = 194, and n = 634, respectively).
Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that exposed workers reported a significantly lower physical HRQoL and vitality than non-exposed workers. Exposed police officers also reported a lower mental HRQoL. Among exposed workers, a lower HRQoL was reported significantly more often by workers who had a close one affected by the disaster; by firefighters who rescued people, cleaned-up, or witnessed the immediate disaster scene; and by police officers who supported the injured. Exposed police officers who perceived the disaster as 'not bad' reported a lower HRQoL less often than those to whom it was 'the worst ever'.
This study demonstrates that professional disaster assistance workers are at risk for a lower HRQoL, even after years.
1992年，一架货机撞上了阿姆斯特丹的公寓楼。在这场灾难令人困扰的后续影响中，出现了关于潜在有毒物质暴露及其对健康影响的传言。本研究旨在评估这场灾难对专业救援人员健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）的长期影响。
采用历史性队列研究，在灾难发生平均8.5年后，通过问卷调查评估职业灾难暴露情况、健康相关生活质量（SF36量表）以及背景变量。参与研究的有报告执行过与灾难相关任务的暴露组专业消防员（n = 334）和警察（n = 834），以及未报告此类任务的非暴露组同事（分别为n = 194和n = 634）。
多因素逻辑回归分析显示，暴露组工作人员报告的身体方面的健康相关生活质量和活力显著低于非暴露组工作人员。暴露组警察报告的心理方面的健康相关生活质量也较低。在暴露组工作人员中，家中有亲人受灾难影响的工作人员、参与救援、清理或目睹灾难现场的消防员以及救助伤者的警察报告较低健康相关生活质量的情况明显更多。认为灾难“不太糟糕”的暴露组警察报告较低健康相关生活质量的情况比认为灾难“极其糟糕”的警察少。
本研究表明，即使在灾难发生多年后，专业灾难救援人员仍有健康相关生活质量较低的风险。
