Abrahamsson Ingemar, Soldini Claudio
Department of Periodontology, The Sahlgrenska academy at Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden.
Clin Oral Implants Res. 2006 Dec;17(6):601-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2006.01235.x.
Today, periodontal probing is the best diagnostic tool to assess the health status and attachment level of periodontal tissues. There are, however, doubts as to whether the same method could be used for implants. Experiments comparing peri-implant and periodontal probing provide conflicting results. The impact and interpretation of peri-implant probing are still not sufficiently known.
The purpose of the present study was to further analyze the histological level of probe penetration in healthy periodontal and peri-implant tissues.
In four beagle dogs, all mandibular premolars were extracted. Three months later, four experimental non-submerged implants were placed in each edentulous premolar region. Six months later, probing depth was determined at the buccal aspect at two of the implants and at the bilateral first mandibular molars. A pressure-controlled probe with a diameter of 0.4 mm and 0.2 N probing force was used. Following the probing depth assessment, a metal periodontal probe tip was inserted into the previously measured depth and attached to the implants and teeth using a composite material. Block biopsies were obtained and prepared for histometric examinations.
The findings showed that probing resulted in similar probe extension at implants and teeth, that the probe extension corresponded to the extension of the barrier epithelium and that the distance between the probe tip and the bone was about 1 mm in both peri-implant and periodontal tissues.
This experiment showed that under healthy conditions, the probe tip penetration in the soft tissues at teeth and implants is similar when a probing force of 0.2 N is used. Probing around implants using a moderate force is a valuable diagnostic tool in the maintenance of implant patients.
如今，牙周探诊是评估牙周组织健康状况和附着水平的最佳诊断工具。然而，对于能否将同一方法用于种植体存在疑问。比较种植体周围和牙周探诊的实验结果相互矛盾。种植体周围探诊的影响和解读仍未得到充分了解。
本研究的目的是进一步分析健康牙周组织和种植体周围组织中探针穿透的组织学水平。
在4只比格犬中，拔除所有下颌前磨牙。3个月后，在每个无牙前磨牙区域植入4颗实验性非潜入式种植体。6个月后，在其中2颗种植体的颊侧以及双侧下颌第一磨牙处测定探诊深度。使用直径为0.4 mm、探诊力为0.2 N的压力控制探针。在评估探诊深度后，将金属牙周探针尖端插入先前测量的深度，并使用复合材料固定在种植体和牙齿上。获取块状活检组织并准备进行组织计量学检查。
研究结果表明，探诊在种植体和牙齿处导致的探针插入深度相似，探针插入深度与屏障上皮的延伸相对应，并且在种植体周围组织和牙周组织中，探针尖端与骨之间的距离约为1 mm。
本实验表明，在健康条件下，当使用0.2 N的探诊力时，牙齿和种植体软组织中的探针尖端穿透情况相似。对种植体周围使用适度力量进行探诊是种植体患者维护中的一种有价值的诊断工具。
