Ellison P H, Greisen G, Foster M, Petersen M B, Friis-Hansen B
Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Colorado.
Acta Paediatr Scand. 1991 Jan;80(1):28-35. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1991.tb11725.x.
We have compared the relations between perinatal conditions and developmental outcomes at age four years for two cohorts of children with birthweights 2,300 g or less, who did not develop cerebral palsy--one from Southeastern Wisconsin (children born 1975-76) and the other from Copenhagen (children born 1980-82). We examined the general effects of parental education and socioeconomic status, the use of Cesarean section, the degree of prematurity and neonatal complications on outcome. The methods of latent path structural analysis were used to form two models among 15 latent variables: one for children from Copenhagen and a similar model for children from Wisconsin. The impact of parental education and socioeconomic status was somewhat greater in Wisconsin. Several neonatal complications were related to outcome in Wisconsin: the early condition of the infant, use of a respirator, pneumothorax, and anemia/apnea. The only neonatal complication with a significant relation to outcome in Copenhagen was pneumothorax and to a much lesser degree major germinal layer haemorrhage. The degree of prematurity per se had a greater impact in Copenhagen. The use of Cesarean section and mechanical ventilation in the smallest infants was much more frequent in Denmark, but no association could be shown between this increased use and improved developmental outcome.
我们比较了出生体重2300克及以下且未患脑瘫的两组儿童在四岁时围产期状况与发育结果之间的关系——一组来自威斯康星州东南部（1975 - 1976年出生的儿童），另一组来自哥本哈根（1980 - 1982年出生的儿童）。我们研究了父母教育程度和社会经济地位、剖宫产的使用、早产程度和新生儿并发症对结果的总体影响。采用潜在路径结构分析方法在15个潜在变量中构建了两个模型：一个针对哥本哈根的儿童，另一个针对威斯康星州的儿童。在威斯康星州，父母教育程度和社会经济地位的影响更大一些。在威斯康星州，几种新生儿并发症与结果相关：婴儿的早期状况、呼吸机的使用、气胸以及贫血/呼吸暂停。在哥本哈根，唯一与结果有显著关联的新生儿并发症是气胸，以及程度较轻的主要生发层出血。早产程度本身在哥本哈根的影响更大。丹麦最小的婴儿剖宫产和机械通气的使用更为频繁，但这种使用增加与发育结果改善之间未显示出关联。
