Sabotic Jerica, Trcek Tatjana, Popovic Tatjana, Brzin Joze
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
J Biotechnol. 2007 Feb 1;128(2):297-307. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2006.10.006. Epub 2006 Oct 14.
This survey is the first to investigate the proteolytic potential of a large number of basidiomycetes. Aqueous extracts of 43 basidiomycetes were investigated for their content of proteolytic activities, using gelatin zymography. The activities were characterised qualitatively using class specific inhibitors. All four catalytic classes of proteases were present, with 4% of all activities classified as aspartic, 5% as cysteine, 6% as metallo and 22% as serine proteases, while the remaining activities could not be assigned unambiguously. The majority of the latter were not inhibited by any of the inhibitors used and were termed insensitive. Different proteolytic activities are evenly distributed among members of all orders of basidiomycetes, although some taxa are a richer source of proteases than others. A significant number of the cysteine protease activities shown here have not previously been reported in basidiomycetes. The fungal cysteine and serine protease inhibitors, clitocypin and CNSPI (Clitocybe nebularis serine protease inhibitor), both inhibited a number of activities and even a few activities that were otherwise insensitive to all other inhibitors used, hence indicating their potential for a regulatory role. The number and diversity of proteases in basidiomycetes are seen to be remarkable and encourage further investigation.
这项调查首次对大量担子菌的蛋白水解潜力进行了研究。使用明胶酶谱法，对43种担子菌的水提取物进行了蛋白水解活性含量的研究。使用类别特异性抑制剂对这些活性进行了定性表征。所有四种催化类型的蛋白酶均有存在，其中4%的活性被归类为天冬氨酸蛋白酶，5%为半胱氨酸蛋白酶，6%为金属蛋白酶，22%为丝氨酸蛋白酶，而其余的活性无法明确归类。后者中的大多数不受所用任何抑制剂的抑制，被称为不敏感型。不同的蛋白水解活性在担子菌所有目成员中均匀分布，尽管有些分类群比其他分类群是更丰富的蛋白酶来源。此处显示的大量半胱氨酸蛋白酶活性此前在担子菌中未曾报道过。真菌半胱氨酸和丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂，即棒孢菌素和CNSPI（星云杯伞丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂），均抑制了一些活性，甚至还抑制了一些对所用的所有其他抑制剂均不敏感的活性，因此表明它们具有发挥调节作用的潜力。担子菌中蛋白酶的数量和多样性非常显著，值得进一步研究。
