Maurice H, Nielen M, Vyt Ph, Frankena K, Koenen F
Department of Social Sciences, Business Economics Group, Wageningen University, Hollandseweg 1, 6706 KN Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Prev Vet Med. 2007 Jan 16;78(1):24-34. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2006.09.002. Epub 2006 Nov 13.
We set up a matched case-control study of potential risk factors for clinical encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) in 58 pig farms in West Flanders (Belgium). In total, 29 farms experienced a clinical outbreak of EMCV confirmed by EMC virus isolation. Mortality was seen only among suckling piglets (18 case farms), in piglets and other age-groups (4 case farms), or only among fattening pigs (7 case farms). Five farms had reproductive problems among the sows. Control farms were matched geographically on farm size and farm type and were selected on the absence of clinical signs. A questionnaire on potential risk factors for EMCV was developed to collect data at both case and control farms. The exploration of the data used clusters of factors associated with clinical EMCV infection: (a) rodents, (b) general farm set up and (c) general hygiene. The multivariable relationships between clinical appearance of EMCV and potential risk factors were tested with conditional logistic regression. The final model on all farms contained presence of mice (OR=8.3) as a risk factor for clinical EMCV infection while the flow of manure up through the slatted floor (OR=0.11) and movement of manure between manure pits in the pig stable (OR=0.14) were protective.
我们在比利时西佛兰德省的58个猪场开展了一项关于临床脑心肌炎病毒（EMCV）潜在风险因素的配对病例对照研究。总共有29个猪场发生了经EMC病毒分离确诊的EMCV临床疫情。死亡仅见于哺乳仔猪（18个病例猪场）、仔猪及其他年龄组（4个病例猪场）或仅见于育肥猪（7个病例猪场）。5个猪场的母猪出现繁殖问题。对照猪场在地理位置、农场规模和农场类型方面进行了匹配，并根据无临床症状进行选择。我们编制了一份关于EMCV潜在风险因素的问卷，以收集病例猪场和对照猪场的数据。对数据的探索使用了与临床EMCV感染相关的因素集群：（a）啮齿动物，（b）农场总体设置和（c）总体卫生状况。采用条件逻辑回归检验EMCV临床表现与潜在风险因素之间的多变量关系。所有猪场的最终模型显示，存在小鼠（比值比=8.3）是临床EMCV感染的一个风险因素，而粪便通过板条地板向上流动（比值比=0.11）以及猪舍粪坑之间的粪便移动（比值比=0.14）具有保护作用。
