Joormann Jutta, Gotlib Ian H
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
J Abnorm Psychol. 2006 Nov;115(4):705-14. doi: 10.1037/0021-843X.115.4.705.
The present study was designed to examine the operation of depression-specific biases in the identification or labeling of facial expression of emotions. Participants diagnosed with major depression and social phobia and control participants were presented with faces that expressed increasing degrees of emotional intensity, slowly changing from a neutral to a full-intensity happy, sad, or angry expression. The authors assessed individual differences in the intensity of facial expression of emotion that was required for the participants to accurately identify the emotion being expressed. The depressed participants required significantly greater intensity of emotion than did the social phobic and the control participants to correctly identify happy expressions and less intensity to identify sad than angry expressions. In contrast, social phobic participants needed less intensity to correctly identify the angry expressions than did the depressed and control participants and less intensity to identify angry than sad expressions. Implications of these results for interpersonal functioning in depression and social phobia are discussed.
本研究旨在检验在识别或标记情绪面部表情时特定于抑郁症的偏差的运作情况。向被诊断患有重度抑郁症和社交恐惧症的参与者以及对照组参与者展示表达情绪强度逐渐增加的面部表情，这些表情从无表情缓慢变化为全强度的开心、悲伤或愤怒表情。作者评估了参与者准确识别所表达情绪所需的情绪面部表情强度的个体差异。与社交恐惧症参与者和对照组参与者相比，抑郁症患者正确识别开心表情需要显著更高的情绪强度，而识别悲伤表情所需的强度低于识别愤怒表情。相比之下，社交恐惧症参与者正确识别愤怒表情所需的强度低于抑郁症患者和对照组参与者，且识别愤怒表情所需的强度低于识别悲伤表情。讨论了这些结果对抑郁症和社交恐惧症人际功能的影响。
