Lyons Michael J, Schultz Mark, Neale Michael, Brady Kathleen, Eisen Seth, Toomey Rosemary, Rhein Andrew, Faraone Stephen, Tsuang Ming
Department of Psychology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 2006 Nov;194(11):809-17. doi: 10.1097/01.nmd.0000244480.78431.49.
There are various hypotheses regarding comorbidity between alcohol dependence (AD) and major depression (MD). We interviewed 3372 pairs of male twins assessing DSM-III-R MD and AD. Individuals with comorbid MD and AD exhibited greater severity of each disorder than individuals with only one. MD in one twin was associated with risk of MD alone and MD plus AD, but not AD alone in the cotwin. AD in one twin was associated with risk of AD alone and AD plus MD, but not MD alone in the cotwin. The best fitting biometrical comorbidity model was the reciprocal causation model in which AD can cause MD and vice versa. However, a model in which genetic and environmental influences on each disorder were correlated could not be definitively rejected. Our data are most consistent with a mechanism of reciprocal causation, whereby MD increases risk for AD and AD increases risk of MD.
关于酒精依赖（AD）与重度抑郁症（MD）之间的共病关系，存在多种假说。我们对3372对男性双胞胎进行了访谈，评估其DSM-III-R标准下的MD和AD情况。与仅患一种疾病的个体相比，同时患有MD和AD的个体每种疾病的严重程度更高。一对双胞胎中患MD的个体与仅患MD以及同时患MD和AD的风险相关，但与另一双胞胎仅患AD的风险无关。一对双胞胎中患AD的个体与仅患AD以及同时患AD和MD的风险相关，但与另一双胞胎仅患MD的风险无关。最适合的生物统计学共病模型是相互因果关系模型，即AD可导致MD，反之亦然。然而，基因和环境对每种疾病的影响相互关联的模型也不能被明确排除。我们的数据最符合相互因果关系机制，即MD增加AD风险，AD增加MD风险。
