使用口鼻面罩对非腭裂患者发浊塞音时的跨腭鼻音进行评估。

Estimation of transpalatal nasalance during production of voiced stop consonants by noncleft speakers using an oral-nasal mask.

作者信息

Bundy Emily L, Zajac David J

机构信息

UNC Craniofacial Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.

出版信息

Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2006 Nov;43(6):691-701. doi: 10.1597/04-103.

DOI:10.1597/04-103

PMID:17105317

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

Our objective was to estimate nasalance due to transpalatal transfer of acoustic energy during production of voiced stop consonants by noncleft speakers. We also determined the relationship between the transpalatal nasalance and fundamental frequency (F0) of the speakers.

METHOD

Participants were 8 men and 10 women (mean age = 21.9 years, SD = 4.0) without cleft palate who produced voiced stop (/b d g/) and nasal (/m n eta/) consonants in syllables embedded in a carrier phrase. Participants also read the Zoo Passage. A divided OroNasal Nasality System mask was used to simultaneously obtain acoustic nasalance and airflow during production of the consonants. Both F0-derived and first formant (F1)-derived nasalance were computed.

RESULTS

F0-derived and F1-derived peak nasalance across all speakers ranged from a low of 20% to a high of 80% during production of stop consonants. An estimate of error from the combined sources of transoral transfer of energy (5%) and acoustic crossover between microphones (15%) was no greater than 20%. Analysis of variance revealed no significant effects of the sex of the speakers for either F0-derived or F1-derived nasalance of stops. There was a significant effect of the place of stop production for F0-derived nasalance (p;th< .05). Nonsignificant but positive correlations were found between the F0 of the speakers and F0-derived (r = .25) and F1-derived (r = .45) nasalance.

CONCLUSIONS

Transpalatal transfer of oral acoustic energy accounts for most nasalance obtained during production of voiced stop consonants by noncleft speakers. F1-derived nasalance appears to better reflect transpalatal effects. Clinical implications are discussed.

摘要

目的

我们的目的是估计非腭裂患者在发浊塞音时经腭部传递的声能所导致的鼻漏气率。我们还确定了经腭部鼻漏气率与说话者基频（F0）之间的关系。

方法

参与者为8名男性和10名女性（平均年龄 = 21.9岁，标准差 = 4.0），均无腭裂，他们在一个载体短语中的音节中发浊塞音（/b d g/）和鼻音（/m n eta/）。参与者还阅读了《动物园段落》。使用一种分开的口鼻鼻漏气系统面罩，在发辅音时同时获取声学鼻漏气率和气流。计算了基于F0和基于第一共振峰（F1）的鼻漏气率。

结果

在发塞音时，所有说话者基于F0和基于F1的峰值鼻漏气率范围从低20%到高80%。经口能量传递（5%）和麦克风之间声学交叉（15%）的综合误差估计不超过20%。方差分析显示，对于塞音基于F0或基于F1的鼻漏气率，说话者性别均无显著影响。对于基于F0的鼻漏气率，塞音发音部位有显著影响（p <.05）。在说话者的F0与基于F0的鼻漏气率（r = 0.25）和基于F1的鼻漏气率（r = 0.45）之间发现了不显著但为正的相关性。